Ochre-backed Woodpecker
Celeus ochraceus
Distinctive woodpecker with sooty underparts, a contrasting cream head, and heavily spotted upperparts. Note the cinnamon-buff bars on the vent and flanks. Males have a red whisker stripe. Inhabits savanna and shrubby forest (caatinga), forest edges, and gallery forest, where usually seen in pairs or family groups.
识别特征
The ochre-backed woodpecker is about 25 to 27 cm (9.8 to 11 in) long. Males have a wide dull red malar area and cheek; females have a streaky black malar instead of red. Adults of both sexes have a buffy or cinnamon-tinged ochre head including the long pointed crest, chin, throat, and neck. Their upperparts are cinnamon-buff to orange-ochre with black markings that vary in shape from round to heart-like. Their flight feathers are mostly black; the secondaries have wide cinnamon-buff bars and the tertials are cinnamon-buff with black bars and tips. Their tail feathers are black with pale buffish edges or bars on the outermost pair. Their underparts are sooty, often with buff-cinnamon feather edges, and the rear flanks and undertail coverts have wide cinnamon to buff bars. The adult's bill is horn-colored or sometimes blue-gray to blackish with a paler mandible, their iris red or red-brown, and their legs blue-gray. Juveniles are similar to adults but are duller and have more brownish black on their head.
分类信息
The ochre-backed woodpecker was long treated as a subspecies of the blond-crested woodpecker (C. flavescens), but following a 2011 publication, regional and worldwide taxonomic systems gradually moved to accept it as a full species. The ochre-backed woodpecker is monotypic.
- 学名
- Celeus ochraceus
- 命名信息
- (Spix, 1824)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Celeus
分布与栖息地
The ochre-backed woodpecker has a disjunct distribution. One population is found along the south side of the Amazon River from western Pará to the Atlantic coast. The other is further south from eastern Maranhão south to Espírito Santo and west to Goiás. It inhabits the interior and edges of humid forest and also gallery forest, savanna, caatinga, and orchards.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The ochre-backed woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The ochre-backed woodpecker's diet is arboreal ants, carpenter ants, termites, and lesser but still significant amounts of fruits and berries. It generally forages at the forest's middle level to its canopy but also on the ground, capturing insects by gleaning, probing, pecking, and hammering. It usually feeds in pairs or small groups.<p>The ochre-backed woodpecker breeds between April and June. It excavates a nest cavity in a tree or an arboreal ant nest. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The ochre-backed woodpecker's calls include a loud "tsew tsew", a "wee-wee-week", a "series of 'wheep' notes", and a "raucous 'wicka' or 'wícket wícket'." Its drum is a weak "roll evenly paced...repeated at varying intervals.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Red-footed Booby
Sula sula
Large seabird of offshore tropical waters around the globe; not seen from the mainland. Adult plumage is variable, but all have bright red feet and colorful bill and face; some have wholly brown plumage, others are white with a black trailing edge to the wings; the tail can be black or white. Immatures of all types are brown overall with dull pinkish feet. Looks smaller and more slender than other boobies, with more crooked wings. Nests on offshore islands (usually in trees and bushes, unlike other boobies, which nest on the ground).
Riverbank Warbler
Myiothlypis rivularis
Brownish warbler with a strong vireo-like head pattern. Note the strong white eyebrow offset by a gray crown that is bordered with black. Largely olive-green above and buff below. The northern subspecies lacks the black border to the crown and has cinnamon-buff underparts and eyebrow. Usually seen foraging on the forest floor next to streams and rivers. The song is an ascending series of very loud whistles.
Stripe-faced Wood-Quail
Odontophorus balliviani
Chunky, dark brown quail of cloud forest and elfin forest. Dark brown body is spotted white below; black bandit mask and reddish crown are distinctive. May be found singly, in pairs, or in small groups. Quite secretive, and often goes undetected until flushed suddenly from nearly underfoot. Forages on the ground, climbing over mossy tree roots and scraping aside leaves with its feet to look for small prey. Listen for its low caroling song given at dusk, an often duetted “dwee-put, dwee-put….”
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