Pearly-eyed Thrasher
Margarops fuscatus
A sometimes secretive and sometimes bold resident of many habitats. Overall rather dull colored, but highly vocal. It is similar in shape and size to Scaly-breasted Thrasher and Bahama Mockingbird; told from both by its large pale bill. Told from Scaly-breasted Thrasher by its streaked, not barred underparts. Distinguished from the Bahama Mockingbird by its brown plumage and heavier streaking below. Song is a series of slowly given whistled notes with one to three phrases. Calls are varied, including high thin whistles, brief chirps, and harsh or guttural scolds.
识别特征
The pearly-eyed thrasher is the largest species in the Mimidae, growing to 28 to 30 cm (11 to 11.8 inches) in length.
分类信息
Its genus, Margarops, is currently considered monotypic; formerly the scaly-breasted thrasher was placed in the same genus. However, M. fusctaus is now known to be closer to the Cinclocerthia tremblers.<p>While this is not a migratory bird, considerable gene flow between populations appears to have taken place at least until fairly recently in its evolutionary history. There are four subspecies, two of which can be distinguished genetically: M. f. fuscatus (the nominate subspecies, which is found between the Greater Antilles and Antigua and Barbuda), and M. f. densirostris (occurring from Montserrat and Guadeloupe southwards). When exactly the pearly-eyed thrasher lineage diverged from its relatives cannot be said with reasonable certainty, as no fossils are known and the standard molecular clock model cannot be applied to the Mimidae, as mutation rates seem to have varied over time.
- 学名
- Margarops fuscatus
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1808)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Mimidae
- 属
- Margarops
分布与栖息地
The pearly-eyed thrasher has a somewhat disjunct distribution throughout the West Indies: it is found in the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Turks and Caicos islands, the Dominican Republic's Isla Beata, many of the Lesser Antilles (except Barbados and Grenada, where it is extirpated), and Bonaire. Its main habitat is bushes and trees in mountain forests and coffee plantations.<p>In Puerto Rico, as well as occupying the main island, it is also found on Mona Island. In the Bahamas, it is a breeding species on San Salvador, Exuma, and Long Island, and probably also on Acklins, Mayaguana, and Great Inagua; in addition it is found as a wintering species on Eleuthra and Cat Island. In the Lesser Antilles, it is a breeding species in the SSS islands (the northern part of the Netherlands Antilles), Barbuda, Antigua, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines. The subspecies M. f. bonairensis was formerly found on La Horquilla, one of the Hermanos Islands off the north coast of Venezuela, but it is now believed to be extirpated from there, having last been reported in 1908.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The pearly-eyed thrasher is described as an aggressive, opportunistic omnivore that feeds primarily on large insects, but also feeds on fruits and berries, and will occasionally eat lizards, frogs, small crabs and other bird's eggs and nestlings.<p>This species nests in cavities. In Puerto Rico, it is known to compete with the critically endangered Puerto Rican amazon (Amazona vittata) for nesting sites, and may even destroy the parrot's eggs.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Edwards's Fig-Parrot
Cyclopsitta edwardsii
A medium-sized, chunky parrot of lowland and foothill forest and gardens. Green body, crown and a purple band across the chest with very distinctive red and yellow head pattern. Yellow streaked cheek with red streaks towards the throat. Male has a red belly. Usually seen in pairs or small flocks although congregates in large numbers at fruiting fig trees. Similar to Salvadori’s Fig-Parrot and ranges may meet. Edward’s has red on the face and a purple breast band which Salvadori’s lacks. Call, a high-pitched, piercing “tsiiik!” repeated.
Karoo Thrush
Turdus smithi
A typical mostly olive-brown thrush, with rufous coloration restricted to the center of the belly. It is most easily identified by range. Pairs occupy dense scrub and thickets in arid savanna and Karoo, grassland, and urban gardens on the South African highveld. The species gives a varied song and typical thrush “chk-chk” or thin “tseeep” calls. It is an understory specialist that sometimes skulks, but at other times can be quite bold. The similar Olive Thrush differs from Karoo Thrush in its rufous (not olive) flanks, its brown (not yellow-orange) eye-ring, its dark brown (not yellow) base to the upper mandible of the bill, and its streakier throat.
Wattled Curassow
Crax globulosa
Very large black gamebird with a red bill. Males have a white ventral region which is chestnut in females. Strongly associated with riparian environments, especially seasonally flooded forest and river islands, where it is quite arboreal. Now very rare over much of its range because of overhunting.
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