Black Butcherbird
Melloria quoyi
Medium-sized ambush-hunter with a long gray bill with a dark, hooked tip. Completely black plumage; in some cases immature is brown instead of black. Inhabits denser vegetation of mangroves and rainforest edges. Song is varied, with deep warbling; many calls, including a loud, throaty, ringing note.
识别特征
The adult is black all over except for its beak which is black-tipped grey. Most juveniles are rufous-brown. Confusingly, some juveniles are black while some brown young birds may rarely retain their brown colour into adulthood. As the only butcherbirds with wholly black bodies, they are sometimes confused with crows or currawongs, from which they are distinguished by their gray and hooked bills.
分类信息
Evidence was published in a 2013 molecular study which showed that it was the sister taxon to the Australian magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen). The ancestor to the two species is thought to have split from the other butcherbirds between 8.3 and 4.2 million years ago, during the late Miocene to early Pliocene, while the two species themselves diverged sometime during the Pliocene (5.8–3.0 million years ago).
- 学名
- Melloria quoyi
- 命名信息
- (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1827)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Artamidae
- 属
- Melloria
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
In Papua New Guinea, Black butcherbirds have been observed parasitizing the nests of Hooded monarch birds.<p>In 1903, ornithologist E. M. Cornwall observed brown and black varieties of the bird, the black preferring deeper forest and the brown preferring coastal scrub or mangroves.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Crowned Woodnymph
Thalurania colombica
Favors evergreen forest and edge in tropical lowlands, often near streams. Feeds mainly at low to middle levels in shady understory, but comes to feeders at edges and in clearings. Male is stunning but often looks all dark: note the fairly long, deeply forked tail and brilliant emerald and violet plumage. Female rather dull and plain: note the black bill, green-mottled flanks, and blue-black tail with whitish corners.
Brownish Elaenia
Elaenia pelzelni
Medium-sized nondescript flycatcher. Has a dull brown back, whitish underparts, and three distinct pale wingbars. The white crown patch is often concealed. Inhabits forest along wide lowland rivers, including older river islands. Calls include a low double note: “chick-ert.”
White-headed Vanga
Artamella viridis
Mid-sized black-backed vanga with a typical bill. Males are pure white on the head and underparts, while females are pale gray. Madagascar endemic that is found at low and middle elevations in all forest types, and sometimes in adjacent plantations and scrub. Vocalizations include harsh scolds and penetrating hollow whistles. Larger than Chabert Vanga, with a completely pale head. Smaller than Sickle-billed Vanga, with a much shorter bill.
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