Amazona tucumana

Identificación

The Tucumán amazon is about 31 cm (12 in) long and weighs 250 to 280 g (8.8 to 9.9 oz). It is mostly green, with black edges on the body feathers that give a scaly appearance. Its forehead and sometimes its lores are red. Bare white skin surrounds its eye. Its lower thighs are orange-yellow, its primary coverts red, and its undertail coverts yellow-green. Its primaries have blue tips and its tail feathers yellowish tips. Immature birds have entirely green thighs.

Taxonomía

The Tucumán amazon and the red-spectacled amazon (A. pretrei) have been considered conspecific but are now treated as sister species. The Tucuman amazon is monotypic.

Nombre científico

Amazona tucumana

Autoridad

(Cabanis, 1885)

Orden

Psittaciformes

Familia

Psittacidae

Género

Amazona

Distribución y hábitat

The Tucumán amazon is found from Santa Cruz and Chuquisaca departments in Bolivia south into Argentina as far as Catamarca Province. It inhabits the Yungas bioregion in montane woodland characterized by pure stands of alder (Alnus acuminata) or Podocarpus parlatorei. In elevation it mostly ranges between 1,600 and 2,600 m (5,200 and 8,500 ft) but occurs as low as 500 m (1,600 ft).

Migración

Vertical migration

Comportamiento

The Tucumán amazon moves seasonally between higher elevations and, in August to October, as low as 500 m (1,600 ft) at the Chaco/Yungas ecotone.<p>A study in Argentina found that almost a quarter of the Tucumán amazon's diet was the fruits and seeds of Podocarpus parlatorei; most of the rest was taken from six other plants. Winter food was dominated by Acacia seeds. Flowers and fruits of both native and introduced plants were eaten.<p>The Tucumán amazon nests between November and January. It uses cavities in large trees, often those excavated by woodpeckers. In the Argentina study, the average clutch was 3.6 eggs and ranged from one to five. The incubation period was 26 to 30 days and fledging occurred 50 to 58 days after hatch. In another study, nest success was related to the availability of Podocarpus parlatorei fruits.<p>The Tucumán amazon makes a "variety of screeches and calls, including shrill shrieks and lower-pitched barks." Its flight call is "a repeated, somewhat yelping, shrill “quiowk”."

Conservación

Tendencia poblacional

declining