Lemon-throated Leaf Warbler

Uncommon in the Andes from western Venezuela to Argentina. Male is black above with a yellow belly and prominent white patches on the wings. Most populations have an entirely black head and chest, but birds in southern Colombia and Ecuador have yellow up the throat. Females are similar to males, but are duller brownish instead of black with more yellowish mottling above. Both sexes have huge bill. Occurs in scrubby woodlands, forest edge, and gardens from around 500 to 3,200 m. Often found in pairs that perch conspicuously.

Tiny, boldly colored flycatcher of lowland rainforest. Black and yellow with a boat-shaped bill. Found in the canopy of mature rainforest, often in upland areas; occasionally also found around forest edges, including sometimes around gardens and human dwellings. Listen for its song, a long, steady series of high metallic chips, given at a pace of slightly faster than one note per second.

Skulking warbler typically found in marshes, moist grassland, and edge of swampy forest. Male is quite distinctive with his black bandit mask and gray crown. Female can be confusing, but her yellow throat usually stands out against her olive upperparts and sides. Song is a rich up-and-down series of whistles. Calls include a descending series of chip notes and a short rasp. Pairs usually stay well hidden, but males sometimes sing from an exposed perch. This species is at least partially migratory. In the southern part of its range it is present only in the austral summer, when it breeds, then moves north in the winter. In some parts of its range it can be seen year-round. Formerly considered a subspecies of Masked Yellowthroat.