Maui Alauahio
Paroreomyza montana
A small Hawaiian honeycreeper of native forests above 5,000 feet elevation on eastern Maui. Occurs in non-native forest at Poli-Poli. Males are bright yellow and females and immatures are greenish gray with some yellow on the face. The bill is straighter than in amakihis. Forages rapidly on branches and twigs. Often seen in small flocks. The song is a varied warble and the call is a sharp “chick.” Sometimes responds to squeaking and pishing.
Identification
The Maui ʻalauahio is similar to the Hawaiʻi ʻamakihi in appearance and behavior. However, Maui ʻalauahio are a brighter yellow color, have a less curved bill and do not have prominent black lores (area between the bill and the eye).<p>The Maui ʻalauahio call is a loud "cheep", and their song consists of a repeated whistled phrase "whichy-wheesee-whurdy-whew".<p>Maui ʻalauahio are insectivorous and forage along trunks and branches flipping over lichen and bark in search of insects. They eat moths, beetles, spiders, leafhoppers, lacewings, and ichneumonid wasps. They forage on native plants including ʻōhiʻa, koa, pilo, alani, ʻōhelo, kōlea, pūkiawe, and ʻōlapa.<p>The breeding season for Maui ʻalauahio is March - August. They are monogamous and often are assisted by the non-breeding second year offspring at the nest. The nest helpers assist the male with feeding the female during incubation, as well as feeding the chicks, usually by regurgitation. Maui ʻalauahio young may stay with parents for up to 20 months, and then breed in their third year. Interestingly, there are fewer Maui ʻalauahio pairs documented with nest helpers in disturbed habitats (20-30%) than native plant habitat (96%).<p>Currently, Maui ʻalauahio are restricted to three populations above 900 m (2,952 feet) elevation on east Maui. These populations occur in three diverse habitats that are in the range of conservation managed areas, including the rainforest belt of Halealakā National Park, a forestry plantation, and a relic dry forest. Maui ʻalauahio can be seen at Hosmer's Grove at Haleakalā National Park and Polipoli Springs State Recreation Area.
Taxonomy
- Scientific name
- Paroreomyza montana
- Authority
- (Wilson, SB, 1890)
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Fringillidae
- Genus
- Paroreomyza
Range and habitat
- Migration
- Resident species
Conservation
Maui ʻalauahioʻs range is restricted and threatened by habitat loss. Many factors contribute towards its habitat loss, including degradation from feral ungulates, and the introduction of invasive plants, like strawberry guava, that impact habitat diversity and quality. The species is also limited to higher elevations due to itʻs high susceptibility to avian malaria with a 75% mortality rate after exposure to an infected mosquito bite.
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
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