Lafresnaye's Piculet
Picumnus lafresnayi
Tiny woodpecker of lowland and foothill rainforest east of the Andes. Both sexes have pale yellow underparts with extensive black barring (lacking any speckles or vertical streaks), golden-brown back, and black crown with white spots. Male additionally has red or yellow spots of forehead. Usually found in clearings or at forest edge, tapping incessantly at small branches as it tries to extract small insects.
Identification
Lafresnaye's piculet is 9 to 10 cm (3.5 to 3.9 in) long and weighs 9 to 10 g (0.32 to 0.35 oz). Adult males of the nominate subspecies P. l. lafresnayi have a dark olive-brown cap with red spots on the forehead and whitish ones on the rest of it and the nape. Their face is grayish buff with brown streaks or spots and a pale stripe behind the eye. Their upperparts are dark green or brownish green with yellowish green bars. The upper side of their tail is blackish; the innermost pair of feathers have mostly white inner webs and the outer three pairs have a large white area near the tip. Their chin and throat are buffish white with narrow black marks. Their underparts are pale yellowish white with wide black bars. Adult females are identical but for whitish spots on their entire crown. Juveniles are similar to adults but duller overall, greener above, and less evenly barred below.<p>The other three subspecies of Lafresnaye's piculet have yellow-orange spots on the forehead instead of the nominate's red ones. In addition, P. l. punctifrons has a darker face and narrower bars on its underparts than the nominate. P. l. taczanowskii has a blacker crown and wider, more irregular, dark barring on its underparts. P. l. pusillus has a slight rufous tinge to its upperparts, narrow dark bars on its underparts, and a mostly unbarred center of the belly.
Taxonomy
Lafresnaye's piculet has these four subspecies:<p>What is now Lafresnaye's piculet was for a time treated as a subspecies of the bar-breasted piculet (P. aurifrons). Subspecies P. l. punctifrons was at one time treated as a separate species. What is now the Orinoco piculet (P. pumilus) was previously considered to be a subspecies of Lafresnaye's piculet, and they are now thought to form a superspecies.
- Scientific name
- Picumnus lafresnayi
- Authority
- Malherbe, 1862
- Order
- Piciformes
- Family
- Picidae
- Genus
- Picumnus
Range and habitat
The subspecies of Lafresnaye's piculet are found thus:<p>Lafresnaye's piculet inhabits the edges and clearings of humid mature forest and also secondary forest. In elevation it mostly is found up to 1,400 m (4,600 ft) but occurs occasionally as high as 1,800 m (5,900 ft) in Ecuador.
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
As far as is known, Lafresnaye's piculet is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>Lafresnaye's piculet gleans prey in the lower and middle strata of the forest. It is known to favor termites and is assumed to also feed on other small invertebrates. It often joins mixed-species foraging flocks.<p>Lafresnaye's piculet apparently breeds between July and November. Few nests are known; one was in a hole about 3 m (10 ft) above the ground in a shrub and had two eggs. Both sexes care for hatchlings. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.<p>Lafresnaye's piculet is not highly vocal, but does occasionally make a "high-pitched 'tseeyt, tsit'." The call has also been described as an "extr. high 'see-see'."
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Black-and-white Antbird
Myrmochanes hemileucus
Small antbird, black above and white below. Females have obvious white lores. Resembles a miniature Great Antshrike with a black rather than red eye. Inhabits the understory of river islands with a high density of Cecropia trees. The song is a dry trill, resembling a rattle.
Spectacled Longbill
Oedistoma iliolophus
A small bird of forest understory from the lowlands to mid-mountains. Olive back, gray chest, pale belly washed yellowish, narrow eye-ring and a medium-length, thin, curved bill. Searches actively for insects, sometimes in mixed species flocks, and also seen at flowering trees. Similar to female Black Sunbird but belly not as yellow, from Pygmy Longbill by larger size and eye-ring, and from Yellow-bellied and Slaty-chinned Longbills by its gray chest and shorter bill. Voice, a distinctive churring trill.
Caspian Plover
Anarhynchus asiaticus
Stately plover with a gentle, dovelike expression. Breeding male is stunning, with a white face and belly separated by a broad chestnut patch across the chest. Breeding female is plainer brown, and has a warm rusty-brown patch across the chest. Nonbreeding adults and juveniles are grayish-brown with pale fringes to the feathers of the upperparts, as well as a pale face and belly. Oriental Plover is similar in nonbreeding plumage, but note the white stripe on the wing when Caspian is in flight. Inhabits open areas, near water when breeding and often away from it when wintering. Gives short nasal calls when in flight.
Start Your Bird Watching Journey
Identify a bird outdoors and keep the field guide close for your next observation.