Chinese Penduline-Tit

Rather chunky babbler with a gray head, snowy-white underparts, and bright rufous wings and tail. Endemic to Java, where it is quite local in forested lowlands and foothills. Forages at lower and middle levels in the forest, often in small groups or mixed flocks. Listen for its song, a high-pitched, rather insect-like trill. Calls include dry rattles and churrs.

Glossy greenish starling with red eyes. Juvenile is brownish above, with streaked white underparts. Disjunct range overlaps with that of very similar Asian Glossy Starling in Java, Bali, central Sulawesi, and Mindanao; note present species’ proportionally shorter tail and bill, as well as its purple-glossed head and green-glossed body (Asian Glossy has green-glossed underparts and green- or blue-glossed back and wings). Inhabits forest and forest edge; unlike Asian Glossy Starling, avoids large urban spaces. Present in lowlands and foothills throughout much of range, but restricted to montane and submontane forest in Mindanao and Java. Gives various scratchy, high-pitched, metallic notes, as well as high descending “seep” notes.

Large elegant pearl-gray pigeon with dark-brown wings. There is a broad gray band across the end of the tail that is especially obvious in flight. Inhabits mature rainforest and deciduous forest, mostly in foothills and montane areas, but sometimes down to sea level. Forages in upper levels of forest, often in small flocks. Flies powerfully over the canopy. Song is deep and resonant: “ouh-woOO WOO.” General coloration similar to Nilgiri Wood-Pigeon, but larger, and lacks that species’ black-and-white patch on the back of the neck. Similar size and structure to Green Imperial-Pigeon, but has many differences, including a brown rather than green back, and the lack of a chestnut undertail patch.