Black-headed Siskin

Medium-sized hummingbird of middle elevations. Green above, white below, with a variably pinkish lower mandible. Found in humid forest and around forest edges. Distinguished with care from the very similar White-bellied Hummingbird by its completely dark underside of the tail (where there is some white in White-bellied), and by its sometimes darker lower mandible. Green-and-white Hummingbird is also typically more closely associated with forested habitats than White-bellied.

Common tanager, found in a variety of forest habitats. Usually seen from below, in which case it is best identified by uniform dark underparts with rufous lower belly and undertail coverts, and active behavior. The shining white rump can be seen from most angles on perched birds, even when high overhead. Found in tall rainforest, shorter-stature forests on sandy soils, and in disturbed areas. Groups move rapidly through treetops, usually with other species of small tanagers, feeding on fruit. Calls are indistinct chips, often given in rapid series in flight.

Tiny gray-and-white bird with long cocked tail and rather long slender bill. Fairly common in humid tropical forest canopy and edge. Extensive range across much of northern South America east of the Andes, to eastern Brazil. Often in pairs, traveling with mixed-species flocks. Male has a black cap, gray on female.