Green Manakin

Tiny woodpecker, quite distinct from most other piculets, although hybrids with White-edged and White-barred Piculets are frequent where ranges overlap. Chestnut plumage with white spots diagnostic. Males have a red forehead. Mostly found in dry and open woodland with dense shrubs (caatinga), but expanding east into the Cerrado and Amazonia regions, where it is also found in mangroves and low intensity agricultural habitats. Song is a very fast descending trill.

Largest tern in the world; widespread but typically uncommon. Thick, bright-red bill is distinctive; most have small dark marking near the tip. Note solid black cap in summer which turns to black streaks in winter. Juveniles have V-shaped markings on the upperparts. Feeds by cruising over lakes, rivers, estuaries, and reservoirs looking for fish, then plunging to catch them. Smooth wingbeats, more gull-like than choppy flight of small-bodied terns. Very vocal, giving loud raucous screams. Compare especially with Royal Tern, which is slightly smaller and more slender, and has a thinner, more orangey bill.

A fairly small bird of lowland and foothill forest understory. Male has deep-blue upperparts, head, and chest and a white belly. Told from Black-naped Monarch by its black mark between the eye and bill and from Celestial Monarch by its shorter, bushy crest. Female is told from other monarchs by its gray-blue upperparts. Song is a series of clear piping notes, increasing in volume. Also gives a 2- to 3-note call of sharp rasping notes with the first note higher-pitched.