Black-goggled Tanager

Old World oriole with mostly yellow plumage, a dull-green hood, and a red bill. Found in forest, forest edge, lush woodland, and adjacent secondary habitats, at low and middle elevations. Song is a series of slurred, liquid whistles, and calls include a raspy, up-slurred whine. Similar to African Black-headed Oriole, but with a good view, easily separated by the green rather than black hood. Often found in the same areas as Eurasian Golden and African Golden Orioles, but distinguished by being hooded rather than yellow-headed.

Fairly common in southern South America, from bogs and streams in the Andes to beaches, lakeshores, and pastures; usually near water. Feeds on the ground with a hopping and shuffling gait, sometimes cocking tail; small flocks form in migration and winter. Often in same areas as other cinclodes, especially Gray-flanked Cinclodes in the Andes and Dark-bellied Cinclodes in lowlands. Buff-winged is distinguished by clay-brown plumage tones, plain breast (vs. obvious streaking on Dark-bellied and Gray-flanked), and broad buff wing stripe shown in its raised wing song display.

Tiny hummingbird with long tail often cocked up. Slow bumblebee-like flight. The only woodstar in its range. Male has purple throat and white collar, otherwise greenish with some orange tones on the flanks. Female more confusing but note small size and flight style; also orange flanks, dark cheek with white spot behind eye, and white patches on sides of rump. Feeds at small flowers at all levels of forest edge, also visits feeders.