Keilschnabel-Baumsteiger

Bestimmung

The wedge-billed woodcreeper is the smallest woodcreeper, with a short, upturned, wedge-shaped bill resembling those of the three members of genus Xenops. It is 13 to 16 cm (5.1 to 6.3 in) long and weighs 10.5 to 21 g (0.37 to 0.74 oz). The sexes are alike. The nominate subspecies G. s. spirurus has a grayish forehead, a rich brown to russet-brown crown and nape, light buff lores, a thin buff to buff-white supercilium, a buff eyering, sooty-brown auriculars, and a brown malar stripe. Its upper back and scapulars are rich brown to russet-brown, and its lower back, uppertail coverts, and tail are cinnamon-rufous to rufous-chestnut. Its wing coverts are russet, its inner secondaries rufous, and its other secondaries and its primaries dark brown with blackish tips. The underside of most wing feathers have a stripe of buff to buff-white that shows as a band in flight. The sides of its neck are brown with small buff spots and its throat is whitish buff to buff with some dusky spots. Its underparts are olive-brown to russet-brown, its undertail coverts have a rufous-chestnut wash, and its underwing coverts and axillaries are white. Its upper breast has large round fulvous spots and its lower breast has narrow streaks of the same color. Its iris is dark brown to amber, its bill black with a gray base to the mandible, and its legs and feet pinkish gray, dark gray, dark greenish, or brownish black.<p>The other subspecies of the wedge-billed woodcreeper differ from the nominate thus:<p>Several of the subspecies intergrade in their contact zones, making assignment of some sub-populations to a subspecies difficult.

Taxonomie

The wedge-billed woodcreeper is the only member of its genus. It has these 13 subspecies that are sorted into three groups and a species by the Clements taxonomy:<p>"pectoralis" group<p>"spirurus" group<p>"'albigularis"<p>"cuneatus" group<p>The groups differ vocally; that and plumage and genetic differences among the subspecies suggest that the wedge-billed woodcreeper is actually more than one species.

Wissenschaftlicher Name

Glyphorynchus spirurus

Autorität

(Vieillot, 1819)

Ordnung

Passeriformes

Familie

Furnariidae

Gattung

Glyphorynchus

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

The subspecies of the wedge-billed woodcreeper are found thus:<p>The wedge-billed woodcreeper primarily inhabits tropical evergreen forest including rainforest and to a lesser extent the lower reaches of montane evergreen forest. It favors the interior of mature primary forest and also occurs at the forest edge and in mature secondary forest. It occasionally is found in bamboo, young secondary forest, plantations, and open areas with some trees. In Amazonia it mostly occurs in terra firme and floodplains, and less often in gallery forest, palm swamps, and seasonally flooded forest like várzea. In northern Central America it reaches an elevation of 1,350 m (4,400 ft), in Costa Rica 1,500 m (4,900 ft), in Panama and Colombia 2,100 m (6,900 ft), in Venezuela 1,800 m (5,900 ft), in Ecuador 1,700 m (5,600 ft), and in Brazil 1,200 m (3,900 ft).

Zugverhalten

Standvogel

Verhalten

Zugverhalten: Standvogel.

Schutzstatus

Bestandstrend: rückläufig.

Bestandstrend

rückläufig