Piro piro boschereccio

Tassonomia

Nome scientifico

Tringa glareola

Autorità

Linnaeus, 1758

Ordine

Caradriformi

Famiglia

Scolopacidi

Genere

Tringa

Areale e habitat

Areale riproduttivo

PAL : inland subarctic to temperate wooded wetlands of n Palearctic: Scotland (n British Is.), n Scandinavia, Austria e through inland n Russia to w Chukotskiy Pen., to e Siberia and ne China, in s through n Mongolia, ne China, Kamchatka and Commander Is. (e Russia)

Areale non riproduttivo

AF, OR, AU : inland subtropical to tropical small open wetlands of Paleotropics: Africa, s Arabian Pen., s, se Asia, Indonesian Arch., New Guinea, Australia (except Tasmania), Philippines, Taiwan, e China and Ryukyu Is. (s Japan)

Migrazione

Complete migrants

Comportamento

The wood sandpiper breeds in subarctic wetlands from the Scottish Highlands across Europe and then east across the Palearctic. They migrate to Africa, Southern Asia, particularly India, and Australia. Vagrant birds have been seen as far into the Pacific as the Hawaiian Islands. In Micronesia it is a regular visitor to the Mariana Islands (where flocks of up to 32 birds are reported) and Palau; it is recorded on Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands about once per decade. This species is encountered in the western Pacific region between mid-October and mid-May. A slight westward expansion saw the establishment of a small but permanent breeding population in Scotland since the 1950s.<p>This bird is usually found on freshwater during migration and wintering. They forage by probing in shallow water or on wet mud, and mainly eat insects and similar small prey. T. glareola nests on the ground or uses an abandoned old tree nest of another bird, such as the fieldfare (Turdus pilaris). Four pale green eggs are laid between March and May.<p>Adult wood sandpipers moult all their primary feathers between August and December, whilst immature birds moult varying number of outer primaries between December and April, much closer to their departure from Africa. Immatures are also much more flexible than adults in the timing and rate of their moult and refueling. Adults and immatures which accumulate fuel loads of c.50% of their lean body mass can potentially cross distances of 2397–4490 km in one non-stop flight.<p>The wood sandpiper is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.<p>Widespread, it is considered a Species of Least Concern by the IUCN.

Conservazione

Tendenza della popolazione

stable