Black-banded Woodcreeper

Identificazione

The black-banded woodcreeper is one of the larger members of its subfamily. It is slim, with a long tail and a medium-length straight bill. It is 24 to 30.5 cm (9.4 to 12 in) long. Males weigh 47 to 89 g (1.7 to 3.1 oz) and females 48 to 98 g (1.7 to 3.5 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies D. p. picumnus have a dusky face and neck with buffy to tawny streaks and a faint supercilium and eyering. Their forehead, crown, and nape are dark brown; the crown and nape have buff to tawny streaks. Their back, scapulars and wing coverts are olive-brown; their back has fine pale streaks and faint dark bars and the coverts have pale streaks and dark bands near their ends. Their rump, wings, and tail are rufous-chestnut with dusky tips on the primaries. Their throat is whitish to deep buff with faint streaks or mottling. Their breast is olive-brown with bold buff streaks and an underlayment of spots or bars. Their belly, flanks, and undertail coverts are buffy brown with strong black bars and their underwing coverts are brighter buffy brown with blackish bars. Their iris is dark brown, their bill black with lighter edges and base to the mandible, and their legs and feet brown to greenish gray. Juveniles are similar to adults but fluffier, with bolder streaks and bars on the upperparts, weaker barring on the underparts, and a darker crown that is more spotted than streaked.<p>The other subspecies differ from the nominate and each other thus:

Tassonomia

The black-banded woodcreeper's taxonomy is unsettled. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and the Clements taxonomy recognize these 10 subspecies. Clements arranges them in three groups.<p>"Spot-throated" group<p>"Black-banded" group<p>"Pale-billed" group<p>BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) does not recognize D. p. casaresi, apparently including it within D. p. pallescens.<p>Subspecies D. p. transfasciatus and D. p. pallescens were each treated as separate species by some early 20th century authors but have been included in D. picumnus since about the middle of that century. D. p. transfasciatus is also sometimes proposed as a separate species. Further splits of the current 10 subspecies have been proposed but not accepted.<p>The black-banded woodcreeper's closest relatives are Hoffmanns's woodcreeper (D. hoffmannsi) and the planalto woodcreeper (D. platyrostris). Several authors have suggested that the three are conspecific. Others have suggested that D. p. pallescens is a species with D. hoffmannsi as a subspecies. Early 21st century publications posit that the black-banded woodcreeper should be split into at least two species that are paraphyletic with respect to D. hoffmannsi and D. platyrostris.<p>This article follows the 10-subspecies model.

Nome scientifico

Dendrocolaptes picumnus

Autorità

Lichtenstein, MHC, 1820

Ordine

Passeriformi

Famiglia

Dendrocolaptidae

Genere

Dendrocolaptes

Areale e habitat

The subspecies of the black-banded woodcreeper are found thus:<p>"Spot-throated" group<p>"Black-banded" group<p>"Pale-billed" group<p>The black-banded woodcreeper inhabits a very wide variety of forested landscapes. In the lowlands of the Amazon basin, it mostly occurs in terra firme and floodplain forest, and less often in flooded forests and those on sandy soil and in savanna. The population in Mexico and northern Central America favors pine and pine-oak woodlands. Other populations are found in dry and humid deciduous and semi-deciduous forests, humid evergreen forest, and cloudforest. It mostly occurs in the interior of mature primary forest but also on its edges and in mature secondary forest. It rarely occurs in plantations. In elevation it ranges between 1,000 and 3,000 m (3,300 and 9,800 ft) in Mexico, from 750 to 2,900 m (2,500 to 9,500 ft) in northern Central America, from 500 to 2,000 m (1,600 to 6,600 ft) in Costa Rica and Panama, up to 2,700 m (8,900 ft) in Colombia and Venezuela, mostly below 1,500 m (4,900 ft) in Ecuador, and up to 1,300 m (4,300 ft) in Peru.

Migrazione

Specie stanziale

Comportamento

Comportamento migratorio: Specie stanziale.

Conservazione

Tendenza della popolazione: in diminuzione.

Tendenza della popolazione

in diminuzione