Pic de Magellan

Identification

The cream-backed woodpecker is 28 to 30 cm (11 to 12 in) long and weighs 203 to 281 g (7.2 to 9.9 oz). Adult males have a crest; their head, crest, and neck are entirely red but for a small black and white spot on the ear coverts. Adult females have a longer crest than males and do not have the covert spot. They have a creamy band from the bill to the ear coverts with black above it that surrounds the eye and extends along the front of the crest, and also a thinner black line below the creamy band. The rest of their head is red and their neck is black. Adults of both sexes are mostly black below the neck. They have a whitish upper back with pale cinnamon-buff feather tips and sometimes a few buff and black barred feathers in the center of the back. Their flight feathers have much pale cinnamon on the bases of their inner webs. Their bill is a long ivory chisel, their iris pale yellow, and their legs gray. Juveniles resemble adults but with less red that is more orange. Males resemble adult females with a red crown and crest and females have less red on their head than adults.

Taxonomie

The cream-backed woodpecker was for a time placed in genus Scapaneus that was later merged into genus Phloeoceastes that was itself merged into the current genus Campephilus. The cream-backed woodpecker is monotypic.

Nom scientifique

Campephilus leucopogon

Autorité

(Valenciennes, 1826)

Ordre

Piciformes

Famille

Picidés

Genre

Campephilus

Répartition et habitat

The cream-backed woodpecker is found from north-central Bolivia and western and central Paraguay east and south to north central Argentina, northern Uruguay, and southeastern Brazil's Rio Grande do Sul. It inhabits the generally open landscapes of the dry Gran Chaco including savanna, woodlands, transitional forest, pastures with copses of trees, and palm groves. In elevation it ranges up to 2,500 m (8,200 ft).

Migration

Resident species

Comportement

The cream-backed woodpecker is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The cream-backed woodpecker's primary food is beetle larvae. It mostly forages in tall trees, often those isolated in otherwise open areas, but will feed on fallen logs. It exposes its prey by hammering and less frequently by pecking and probing. It mostly forages alone except in the breeding season.<p>The cream-backed woodpecker's breeding season begins in September but is concentrated in October and November. It excavates a nest hole in a tree or palm; the few known ones have been 6 to 8 m (20 to 25 ft) above the ground. Both parents feed nestlings, but other details of parental care, the clutch size, incubation period, and time to fledging are not known.<p>The cream-backed woodpecker's call is "pi-ow" or "kwee-yaw" that is sometimes repeated. Partners exchange "whirring notes". It also communicates with a quiet "ahem" and various soft and squeaky chattering calls. Its drum is a double tap.

Conservation

Tendance de la population

stable