Caatinga Black-Tyrant

Large cacique with a long, slender ivory bill. Found in the canopy of humid forests and may make migratory movements tracking the rains. Entirely black apart from a red rump that may be hard to see when perched. Note the blue eyes. Nests in colonies and builds large pendulous nests. The song is variable, including loud whistles and a harsh “kak-kak-kak” alarm call.

Burly gray cuckooshrike with dark eyes and a heavy bill. Endemic to the southern and east-central Philippines, from Bohol east to Samar, and south to Mindanao and Basilan. Both male and female are gray above and barred black-and-white below. Inhabits lowland and foothill forest and forest edge, where forages at middle and upper levels, sometimes associating with other species. Gives a range of high-pitched and scratchy calls, including doubled screeching notes: “whee-wheet!” Formerly treated as part of a more broadly-defined “Bar-bellied Cuckooshrike”.

Small, green toucan found in cloud forest along the east slope of the Andes. Plumage is mostly green, but note white throat, chestnut tip to the tail, and mostly black bill with thin, white line at base. Some birds have red patches at the tip and base of the bill. Similar to Southern Emerald-Toucanet but lacks yellow in the bill. Usually found high in the canopy, and often gives a repetitive, raspy croak.