Spot-crowned Antvireo
Dysithamnus puncticeps
Small drab bird. Plump and short-tailed with a hooked bill and grayish iris. Male is pearly bluish-gray with diagnostic white spotting on the crown and wings. Female is browner overall, especially on the crown. Occurs in lowlands from central Panama to northwest Ecuador, typically in pairs in the understory of humid forest. Often follows mixed-species flocks. Listen for accelerating series of piping notes.
Identification
The spot-crowned antvireo is 10 to 12 cm (3.9 to 4.7 in) long and weighs 15 to 17 g (0.53 to 0.60 oz). Adult males have a dark gray forehead, crown, and nape heavily marked with white spots. Their ear coverts are grayish. Their upperparts are grayish olive with a hidden white patch between the scapulars. Their flight feathers are dark grayish olive with wide buffy grayish edges; their wing coverts are blackish with white tips. Their tail is dark grayish olive with white tips on the feathers. Their throat, breast, and upper belly are white with dark streaks, their sides olive-gray, and their belly and undertail coverts whitish with an ochraceous tinge. Adult females have a rufous crown and nape with dark spots and pale buff ear coverts. Their wing coverts are less black than the male's. Their throat, breast, and belly center are pale buff and their sides, flanks, lower belly, and undertail coverts are ochraceous.
Taxonomy
The spot-crowned antvireo is monotypic. It and the streak-crowned antvireo (D. striaticeps) are closely related and may form a superspecies.
- Scientific name
- Dysithamnus puncticeps
- Authority
- Salvin, 1866
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Thamnophilidae
- Genus
- Dysithamnus
Range and habitat
The spot-crowned antvireo is found from Cahuita in Costa Rica's Limón Province south through Panama on the Caribbean slope and on the Pacific slope from Panamá Province. Its range continues into Colombia on the lower reaches of the Cauca River and along the country's Pacific slope into northwestern Ecuador as far as Manabí and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas provinces. It primarily inhabits the understorey to mid-storey of evergreen forest in the lowlands and foothills. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 800 m (2,600 ft) in Costa Rica, to 500 m (1,600 ft) in Panama, to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in Colombia, and to 800 m (2,600 ft) in Ecuador.
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
Migration pattern: Resident species.
Conservation
Population trend: declining.
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
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