Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird

Small, scarce flycatcher found in both dry and humid forest in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru. Good field marks are the mostly gray plumage, white “spectacles,” and bold white wingbars. Easy to overlook as it perches quietly inside lower levels of the forest, and often first detected by voice. Typical song is a soft, burry “breer, breer,” sometimes followed by other notes.

Confusing flycatcher of montane forest. It has olive-gray upperparts, pale yellow underparts, white wingbars, and a small crest that is usually held flat. When crest is raised, it may show some white. Darker and yellower than other elaenias, and usually only elaenia in its habitat. Birds in worn plumage may not be identifiable with certainty. Its most common vocalizations, which include clear whistles and burry calls, are similar to those of other elaenias.

Large red-headed woodpecker, widespread from Panama to Paraguay. Found in lowland forest and edges, often perched conspicuously high up on a snag or large tree. More apt to be seen in open habitats compared with Red-necked Woodpecker, but significant overlap. Male is distinctive with barred underparts and almost entirely red head with a black-and-white patch on the cheek. Female distinguished from other large woodpeckers (such as Lineated) by very broad white stripe on face and white V on back. Listen for loud knocking drum as well as various chattering noises.