Purple Gallinule

Black-hooded, green-backed apalis with a white spot on the side of the neck. Found in montane forest of the Albertine Rift. Usually in pairs, which will join mixed-species flocks. An active species that prefers the upper half of the forest, though it will sometimes feed lower. Gives a rattling, repeated three-part call, and also a quick trill. Very similar to Masked Apalis, but has a mostly black head and a white dot rather than a stripe on the side of the neck, and is found at higher elevations.

A very dark Scytalopus tapaculo: blackish overall without brown on the flanks or rump. Acts like a mouse scurrying around on or near the ground within montane forest. Very difficult to see. Found in the Andes from Venezuela to Peru from around 2,000–3,500 m. Fairly common by voice in montane forest, but heard more often than seen. Listen for slow series of rich “chew” notes.

Dipper endemic to fast-moving streams in semi-humid montane forest with alders in Southern Bolivia and Northeast Argentina. The only dipper in its range. Rare, but fairly conspicuous where it occurs. Often in pairs or family groups, foraging in briskly moving streams for aquatic arthropods.