Spotted Bamboowren
Psilorhamphus guttatus
Strange-looking small bird with a slender bill and a rather long tail. Found in bamboo stands in humid forests and second growth where it can be very hard to see. Males have a spotted gray head, back, and breast and a brown tail, rump, and belly, which is faintly barred. Females are similar but browner. The song can be delivered loudly or quietly and can be easily overlooked.
Identification
The spotted bamboowren is 13.5 cm (5.3 in) long. Males weigh 10.5 to 13 g (0.37 to 0.46 oz), and one specimen thought to be a female weighed 11.5 g (0.41 oz). The adult male's head and upper back are gray, and the lower back brownish. The throat and upper breast are whitish to buff, merging to buff on the lower breast and belly. The back, wings, and belly are sprinkled with small white, brown, or black spots. The adult female is similar, but the top of the head and upper back are brown, and the upper breast buffy.
Taxonomy
The spotted bamboowren is the only member of its genus and has no subspecies. It has at various times been placed in families Formicariidae (the antthrushes), Sylviidae ("typical" warblers), Thamnophilidae (antbirds), Troglodytidae (wrens), and Polioptilidae (gnatcatchers). Studies of its morphology and later of its genetics have firmly placed it in the tapaculo family.<p>The spotted bamboowren is genetically most closely related to the rusty-belted tapaculo (Liosceles thoracicus).
- Scientific name
- Psilorhamphus guttatus
- Authority
- (Ménétriés, 1835)
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Conopophagidae
- Genus
- Psilorhamphus
Range and habitat
The spotted bamboowren is endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome of Brazil and Argentina. Its range extends from southeastern Minas Gerais and western Espírito Santo through Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil into Argentina's northern Misiones Province. It might also occur in southeastern Paraguay, though the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (AOS) has not confirmed that.<p>As its name implies, the spotted bamboowren is usually found in bamboo, typically at the edge of dense forest, but also in tangles of vines and other dense foliage. In the northern part of its range it is found from 600 to 1,000 m (2,000 to 3,300 ft) elevation and in the south from 300 m (980 ft) up.
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
The spotted bamboowren typically feeds around 2 m (6.6 ft) above ground in bamboo and branches but up to 7 m (23 ft) in vine tangles. It occasionally forages on the ground. Its principle prey is insects and insect larvae.<p>The spotted bamboowren's breeding phenology has not been studied.<p>The spotted bamboowren's song is described as "wood-wood-wood" repeated for up to 20 seconds with changing pitch and volume [1].
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
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