Usambara Akalat
Sheppardia montana
A rather small, demure understory denizen resembling a cross between a robin and a flycatcher. Mostly dull brownish-olive with a rusty rump and tail, a paler throat, and a distinctive pale patch between the eye and bill. In display, may reveal a rufous spot near the eye. Juvenile is more mottled. A local and endangered bird found singly and in pairs in thick undergrowth of primary and secondary montane forest in a narrow range along the West Usambara mountains between 1600 and 2300 meters of elevation. Sits for long periods, sallying to catch insect prey, or forages on the ground, often in the company of ants and other ant-following birds. Sings a medley of up-and-down high-pitched whistles that is sweet without being tuneful. Alarm call is a grating “drrrzzt, drrrt, drrrt.” May be mistaken for a flycatcher, but its furtive nature and preference for thick understory are unique within its range.
Taxonomy
- Scientific name
- Sheppardia montana
- Authority
- (Reichenow, 1907)
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Muscicapidae
- Genus
- Sheppardia
Range and habitat
- Migration
- Resident species
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds

Puna Pipit
Anthus brevirostris
Slender brown and buff bird found in dry grasslands in the high Andes. It has a streaked breast and white outer tail feathers that can be conspicuous in flight. Similar to several other pipits; some features that help to distinguish it include its pale overall appearance, lack of thick stripes on back, faint eyebrow, thin whisker mark, and whitish (not buffy) belly. Other pipits in range tend to favor more humid areas. Voice is the best way to verify ID. Song, often given in flight, starts with a few chip notes, then morphs into a descending buzz and is quickly followed by several sharp chirps. Feeds on the ground, and sometimes comes up to an elevated perch such as a rock or a wire. This species was split from Short-billed Pipit, which is found at lower elevations and does not overlap with Puna Pipit.

Blackstart
Oenanthe melanura
A small wheatear. Overall lead-gray with a prominent black tail which it fans continuously; often hops on the ground. Lives in rocky deserts and semi-arid zones; often found in desert wadis near trees and bushes and sometimes around human habitation. Can be very tame and bold. Its song is a beautiful, melancholic series of flutey syllables.

Black-crowned Antshrike
Thamnophilus atrinucha
Uncommon in tropical lowlands, mainly in forest borders, plantations, open woodlands, and second growth. Mainly forages at low to middle levels and, like many antbirds, often in pairs, which keep in touch by singing. Male is gray overall with a messy blackish cap, blackish wings with white wingbars and edgings, and white-tipped black tail. Female has similar wing and tail pattern, but is drab brownish overall, paler on underparts. Formerly known as Western Slaty Antshrike.
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