White-winged Coot
Fulica leucoptera
Fairly common to uncommon coot, mainly in lowlands. Found on fresh to brackish ponds and lakes and wetlands with open water. Feeds mainly while swimming, often farther out on open water than other coots. Bill pattern diagnostic: rather small rounded forehead shield is bright yellow to deep orange, always brighter than the pale yellow bill. Named for narrow white trailing edge to wings, that are rarely visible. Juvenile sooty gray with whitish face and foreneck. Often occurs with Red-gartered Coots.
Identification
The white-winged coot is 35 to 43 cm (14 to 17 in) long and weighs about 400 to 600 g (14 to 21 oz). The sexes are alike. Adults have a yellow to greenish yellow bill and a small yellow to orange-yellow frontal shield, though these colors may further vary. Their legs and feet are pale sea green to yellow-green and have blackish toes and joints. Their plumage is slaty gray that is blacker on the head and neck. They have white undertail coverts, and wide white tips on the secondaries provide the English name. Immature birds have a dusky olive bill, greenish gray legs and feet, gray-brown upperparts, and paler underparts than adults. Juveniles are dark drab gray with dusky mottling on a white head and neck.
Taxonomy
The white-winged coot is monotypic.
- Scientific name
- Fulica leucoptera
- Authority
- Vieillot, 1817
- Order
- Gruiformes
- Family
- Rallidae
- Genus
- Fulica
Range and habitat
The white-winged coot is found in most of southern South America, in northern to central Chile and separately from eastern and southern Bolivia, Paraguay, and far southeastern Brazil south through Uruguay and Argentina into Tierra del Fuego. There is also a population in the Falkland Islands and the species occurs as a vagrant in Peru. It inhabits freshwater lagoons, ponds, marshes, and river backwaters, favoring those with grassy or bare shores and many submerged plants or floating duckweed. It is sometimes found on saltwater close to shore.
- Migration
- Complete migrants
Behavior
The white-winged coot is present year-round in southeastern Brazil but elsewhere makes local seasonal movements.<p>The white-winged coot feeds mostly on aquatic vegetation, though it also grazes on land away from water. In water it mostly feeds on the surface but occasionally dives. Except when breeding it is gregarious and usually seen in large flocks.<p>The white-winged coot's breeding season varies geographically. In Argentina's lowlands it breeds between April and November and at higher elevations between November and January. In Brazil it nests throughout the austral summer. The species is monogamous, and territorial when breeding. It makes a floating platform nest of rushes and other plants, sometimes in emergent vegetation but also on beds of floating plants. The usual clutch size is 10 to 12 eggs though fewer are sometimes laid. Both parents provision the young.<p>The white-winged coot is very vocal, making a "variety of loud, hollow cackling calls and clucking notes" some of which sound like human laughter. Aggressive males make a "huc" call.
Conservation
- Population trend
- stable
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Indian Roller
Coracias benghalensis
A brightly colored bird with various shades of blue on the wings, tails, and belly that are often more prominent in flight. Note the longitudinal white streaks on the throat and breast. Indochinese Roller has a purple-blue breast, a darker olive back, and is generally darker blue. Generally silent, but more vocal in breeding season with harsh calls. Prefers open areas, including agricultural landscapes, sitting on exposed perches including electric wires, occasionally pumping its tail slowly. Practically a resident roller with some movements in the western parts of its range.
Yellow-backed Oriole
Icterus chrysater
Attractive black-and-yellow oriole. Mainly in pine-oak forest of highlands, but also in humid tropical lowlands of Yucatan Peninsula. Often in flowering trees with other species of orioles. Both sexes have a yellow head and body with a small black mask and throat patch, black wings and tail. Bill is straight and pointed. Richly whistled and slightly halting song carries well.
Lined Quail-Dove
Zentrygon linearis
Plump ground-dwelling dove. Large for a quail-dove with buffy face, gray crown, scaly neck, and white throat. Body mostly brownish. Sexes alike. Very similar to White-throated Quail-Dove but no range overlap and typically occurs at slightly lower elevations. Found in the foothills and subtropical zone up to 2,500 m. Usually walks on the ground unless flushed into the lower levels of a tree. Like most quail-doves, often best seen by quietly walking along trails at dawn and dusk. Listen for low-pitched “coo” notes.
Start Your Bird Watching Journey
Identify a bird outdoors and keep the field guide close for your next observation.