Yungas Manakin

The smallest of the crested penguins. Note the thin yellow eyebrows that, once past the eyes, flare out toward the rear of the head. The species consists of two subspecies, the Eastern and Western Rockhopper Penguins. The Western Rockhopper Penguin breeds on offshore islands off southern Chile and Argentina and on the Falkland Islands, while the Eastern Rockhopper Penguin breeds on various subantarctic islands around New Zealand and the southern Indian Ocean. The Eastern has even eyebrows with pink skin at the base of the bill; the Western has black skin at the base of the bill, with an uneven eyebrow shape. Vagrants occasionally reach the Snares Islands. Distinguished from Snares Penguin by thinner eyebrow and smaller bill, and from Moseley’s Rockhopper Penguin by shorter, less flowing crest.

Dumpy with a short tail. Breeding males are yellow apart from black throats, cheeks, belly, and wings. The female and nonbreeding male are similar; streaky and sparrowlike with a white eyebrow and throat. Found in wet areas with tall grass. Native to sub-Saharan Africa, now established in Iberia, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico. Gives dry, buzzing calls and a high-pitched “ts’ee”; breeding males also give an odd hissing song.

All-dark wading bird with a curved bill and short legs, giving it a rather dumpy look. Dark green overall with shimmering emerald and bronzy iridescence that can be stunning in good light. Never shows rufous tones like Glossy Ibis. Prefers more forested swamps or sheltered river edges. Usually seen singly or in pairs.