Plain Prinia

Medium-sized hummingbird with a long curved bill and black-and-white striped face pattern. Clean buffy below. Look for tail pattern: all tipped white, with rufous base to outer tail feathers. Does not have elongated central tail feathers like some hermits. Moves fast, usually only seen for a few seconds at a patch of flowers. Prefers forests and edges.

Medium-sized nondescript flycatcher that usually shows an erect crest without white markings. Very similar to others Elaenia species and is best identified by its song—a gravelly “jer-jéhjeh,” and its call—a soft “wee.” Also note its olive-green back, grayish breast, pale belly, and two wingbars. Inhabits open areas with scattered trees and savanna woodlands where it usually perches very upright on the top of shrubs or trees.

Brightly-colored swallow with a deeply forked tail, pale orangish rump, black squared-off undertail coverts, and an incomplete orange collar. The underparts are always streaked, though there is geographical variation, with streaks ranging from fine and sparse to thick and heavy. Juveniles average paler and lack extensive orangish tones; may resemble house-martins but note deeply forked tail. Builds mud nests on mountains, cliffs, and on human structures. Forages over open areas. Frequently gives a short, sparrow-like “twi’wit.” Usually separated from European Red-rumped Swallow by range, but in case of any overlap, should be separated by evenly cinnamon rump (vs. bicolored), dark lores, dark stripe on nape, and bolder streaking on underparts.