White-browed Warbler

Woodstars are tiny hummingbirds that fly like bumblebees. Purple-throated is restricted to the west slope of the Andes in Colombia and Ecuador, where it inhabits cloud forest, edges, and second growth from 800–2,000 m. Males have a glittering purple throat, white chest band, fairly long forked tail, and white patches on the sides of the rump. Unlikely to be confused within range. Females are trickier; note the orangey belly with a variable amount of smudgy white in the center (never as extensive as on female White-bellied Woodstar) and the thin whitish line that extends behind the eye and wraps around the neck (not as wide or buffy as on Little Woodstar). Often seen singly feeding in the canopy; visits feeders.

Large thrush, pale brown above, white below, with scale-like black-tipped feathers throughout the plumage. Inhabits undisturbed broadleaf evergreen forests of low elevations. Once considered a subspecies of White’s Thrush but now recognized as an endemic species of Amami and Kakeroma Islands. Amami Thrush is duller overall than White’s, which may appear during migration in the habitat of Amami. When foraging, Amami runs like a plover, stopping suddenly to listen for prey, whereas White’s walks along strangely, bobbing the head. Amami Thrush’s song distinctive and complex, very different from the simple song of White’s.

Small hummingbird of the Andes from southern Bolivia through Argentina into central Chile; found in rocky and shrubby valleys, villages, and any open or semiopen areas with flowers. Often builds nest under eaves of buildings or bridges: a bulky cup of plant material and wool to insulate against cold nights. Fairly common. Readily identified in most of range by extensively white tail. Male has an emerald green gorget and a broad blue-black stripe on belly. Female is rather drab, but note slightly decurved bill, spotted throat, and tail pattern.