Great Lizard-Cuckoo

Identification

The great lizard cuckoo is the largest species in genus Coccyzus. It is 42 to 54 cm (17 to 21 in) long, about half of which is the tail, and weighs about 100 to 155 g (3.5 to 5.5 oz). Both sexes within each subspecies have the same plumage, but males are larger than females. The species' bill is long and almost straight, with a black or dusky maxilla and a paler mandible. Adults of the nominate subspecies C. m. merlini have an olive-brown crown, nape, and upperparts. Their primaries are rufous, but that color often only shows in flight. They have a whitish throat, pale gray cheeks and breast, and rufous belly and undertail coverts. Their tail's central pair of feathers are gray and the rest are gray with wide white tips and a black bar above the tip. Their eye is surrounded by red to orange bare skin. Juveniles have narrower tail feathers than adults, with faint white ends, and yellow skin around the eye.<p>Subspecies C. m. santamariae is somewhat smaller and paler than the nominate and has a longer bill but is otherwise very similar. C. m. decolor has more grayish brown upperparts than the nominate and a shorter bill. Adults of C. m. bahamensis have some significant differences from the nominate. They are smaller, have grayer upperparts, a buff wash on the belly, and a black band near the end of all of the tail feathers. Juveniles are similar to adults but with a slightly paler throat and breast and no black bars on the tail.

Taxonomy

The great lizard cuckoo and three other lizard cuckoos were for a time considered a single species. Individually they were previously placed in genus Saurothera that was later merged into the current Coccyzus, and they are considered a superspecies. The North American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the International Ornithological Committee, and the Clements taxonomy assign it these four subspecies:<p>During part of the 19th century C. m. bahamensis was treated as a separate species, the Bahama lizard cuckoo, and the other three subspecies were collectively known as the Cuban lizard cuckoo. BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World has reverted to that two-species treatment.

Scientific name

Coccyzus merlini

Authority

(d'Orbigny, 1839)

Order

Cuculiformes

Family

Cuculidae

Genus

Coccyzus

Range and habitat

The subspecies of great lizard cuckoo are distributed thus:<p>The three Cuban subspecies of great lizard cuckoo inhabit a wide variety of landscapes including mature semi-deciduous and evergreen forest, secondary forest, savanna, scrublands, and the undergrowth of pine forest. In elevation they range from sea level to at least 1,250 m (4,100 ft). C. m. bahamensis is similarly non-selective, inhabiting semi-deciduous, deciduous, and pine forest (especially forests with many vines), scrublands, and coffee plantations.

Migration

Resident species

Behavior

Migration pattern: Resident species.

Conservation

Population trend: stable.

Population trend

stable