Mangrove Finch

Camarhynchus heliobates

A critically endangered Galápagos finch and one of the world’s rarest birds. Currently known only from mangroves at a few sites (with restricted access) on Isabela. Formerly found on Fernandina, but there are no recent substantiated records there. Both sexes typically have brown upperparts, whitish underparts with tan streaking, and a faint eyebrow. Some older males may have a faint, dark hood. Bill is relatively long, with a curved upper edge and mostly straight lower edge. Male’s bill is black when breeding and slightly paler at other times. Female’s bill is orange. Similar to Woodpecker Finch, but that species has a longer bill and less prominent streaking.

Identification

The mangrove finch (Camarhynchus heliobates) is a species of bird in the Darwin's finch group of the tanager family Thraupidae. It is endemic to the Galápagos Islands. It was found on the islands of Fernandina and Isabela, but recent surveys have failed to record the species on Fernandina. It has been classified as critically endangered by BirdLife International, with an estimated population of 20–40 mature individuals in 2021, located in two large mangroves on Isabela. A study has shown that the two small populations remaining on Isabela Island have begun undergoing speciation and that one or both populations will eventually become extinct due to a lack of interbreeding.

Taxonomy

Genus: Camarhynchus; Family: Thraupidae; Order: Passeriformes.

Scientific name
Camarhynchus heliobates
Authority
(Snodgrass & Heller, 1901)
Order
Passeriformes
Family
Thraupidae
Genus
Camarhynchus

Range and habitat

As its name suggests, the mangrove finch lives in the mangroves of the Galápagos Islands. The mangrove finch feeds upon the various insects, larvae, spiders, and vegetable matter found in the mangroves. It closely resembles the far commoner woodpecker finch, but is not known to use tools.

Migration
Resident species

Behavior

Migration pattern: Resident species.

Conservation

Population trend: declining.

Population trend
declining

Photos

Distribution

Bird Calls

Other Birds

Red-breasted Meadowlark

Red-breasted Meadowlark

Leistes militaris

This attractive meadowlark is found in open fields. It often perches conspicuously atop grasses or small bushes. Male is unmistakable, mostly black with bright red breast and throat. Female is less obvious. She is brown and streaky, but look for the sharply pointed bill (like a blackbird), overall buffy brown coloration, and brown-and-buff stripes on head. The streaking is mostly concentrated on the sides of the breast and flanks, not in the middle of the breast and belly. Listen for song: several metallic chips followed by a raspy buzz.

Amazonian Umbrellabird

Amazonian Umbrellabird

Cephalopterus ornatus

Fantastic bird of the Amazonian region and adjacent Andean slopes. It looks like a huge crow with a bushy crest, a thick braid hanging from its throat, and pale eyes. Male is larger than female, with a longer (feathered) wattle and a white patch at the front of his crest. Flight is undulating and woodpecker-like. Inhabits tall rainforest, often along rivers, and males gather at display sites where they extend their wattles and give low pitched moos.

Utupua Whistler

Utupua Whistler

Pachycephala utupuae

Brightly-colored male has a bright golden belly, a black chest band and head, and a clean white throat. He appears to have a black “shawl” with golden wings and a black tail. Female is considerably duller, being olive-brownish above and yellow below, with a pale throat and brown breast. Endemic to Utupua, in the southeastern Solomons, where it is found in most island habitats, though avoids villages. Voice includes a sequence of sparsely spaced, thin, uninspired whistles. Formerly grouped with Vanikoro Whistler and Nendo Whistler under “Temotu Whistler.”

Start Your Bird Watching Journey

Identify a bird outdoors and keep the field guide close for your next observation.