Sykes's Warbler
Iduna rama
Plain brown warbler with pale legs. Breeds in Central Asia; winters primarily on the Indian peninsula. Prefers trees with sparse canopy in open, dry habitat. Can be told from Blyth’s Reed Warbler by its leaf-warbler-like behavior and longer tail, and from Booted Warbler by its less compact appearance; flatter stance; longer pale bill (mostly without a dark tip); longer, more loosely attached tail; more pointy face; harder call; and preference for canopy tops. Call is a hard, fast, continuous arrhythmic “thk…thk, thk, thk.”
Identification
It is a small warbler, especially compared to others in their genus. They are pale brown above and whitish below with buff flanks. The outer tail feathers have pale edges. They have a short pale supercilium, and the bill is strong and pointed. Sykes's warbler is larger and greyer than the booted warbler, and most resembles an eastern olivaceous warbler.
Taxonomy
Molecular phylogeny studies in 2009 suggested a clade sister to Chloropeta and separate from Hippolais in the strict sense resulting in the removal of this species from the genus Hippolais and placement in a resurrected older genus name of Iduna. There are differences in the nesting and egg morphology between rama and caligata.
- Scientific name
- Iduna rama
- Authority
- (Sykes, 1832)
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Acrocephalidae
- Genus
- Iduna
Range and habitat
It is a small passerine found in open country with bushes and other tall vegetation. Three or four eggs are laid in a nest in a bush or vegetation. Like most warblers they are insectivorous.
- Breeding range
- PAL : Kazakhstan and w China s to Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan
- Non-breeding range
- s Pakistan and India
- Migration
- Complete migrants
Conservation
- Population trend
- stable
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds

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Ramphocelus dimidiatus
Striking red tanager with fairly limited range in lowlands and foothills below 1,300 m. Male is overall velvety red, brightest on the flanks and rump and darker on the head. Wings and tail are black. Females are duller reddish brown. Note silver bill with swollen base of lower mandible. Unlikely to be confused in range. Typically found in small flocks in shrubby open habitats and second growth.

Streak-headed Munia
Mayrimunia tristissima
A small dark brown bird with a heavy blue bill. There is considerable individual and geographic variation, especially in the extent of streaking on the head and spotting on the wing. The pale buff rump is conspicuous in flight. Found in forest clearings, moist grassland, cultivated areas, and forest edges, often in pairs or small flocks. The calls are metallic “veek” and “vik” notes. The song is a fast, high-pitched metallic jumble of notes. Similar to White-spotted Munia but darker overall, especially on the underparts, and lacks large white spots across the back. Darker and more uniform than other munias in its range.

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Brilliantly-colored tanager of Andean cloud forest in western Ecuador and western Colombia. Male is bright emerald-green with small red and white spots on sides of head. Female and immature are slightly duller and may lack head spots. Usually found in small groups that forage energetically in lower to middle levels of the forest, and often joins mixed-species flocks. Visits feeders in some areas.
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