Spot-breasted Laughingthrush

Overall the Cape Griffon is creamy-white, much paler and larger than the White-backed Vulture. At close range, the adult’s eyes are honey-colored, and there is a speckled stripe along the middle of the wing. They nest in small to large colonies in hills and mountains but will fly hundreds of kilometers to forage. The similar White-backed Vulture is smaller and darker with a wing that is more contrasting between flight feathers and the remainder of the underwing; at close range its dark eyes are visible.

Medium-sized cloud forest hummingbird found only in the Venezuelan Andes near its namesake city. Male has a glittering violet throat, green forehead, and a white neck band. Female’s throat is mottled and mostly lacks iridescence. Distinguished from Orange-throated Sunangel by throat color, white (not orange) neck band, and green belly. Formerly considered a subspecies of Amethyst-throated Sunangel.

A spectacular small, short-tailed songbird. Both sexes show a scarlet cap, nape, and rump and contrasting black wings. Male has black cheeks, a red throat with a lower black border, and a black vertical line on the belly, all lacking in females, which are plain whitish below with a wholly red back. Juvenile resembles a pale-billed female, but with red confined to rump. Found in forest, forest edge, and forest patches in lowlands and foothills. Confined to the Lesser Sundas. Red cap and nape diagnostic, separating this bird from Blood-breasted Flowerpecker. Vocalizations include a rising then descending “twitiwee-swit-swit-swoo.” Also gives a high-pitched thin “tzeet” as well as harsher, shorter abrupt “tsik” notes.