Greater Antillean Elaenia

A small long-tailed bird with vaguely unnerving pale eyes. Dark gray-brown overall with a bright rusty-orange crown and wings. Similar to Vinous-throated and Brown-winged parrotbills but much grayer and darker overall; has the most limited warm tones of the three. Fairly common in lowlands and foothills, where it can be found in broadleaved forests, bamboo stands, and adjoining secondary growth and scrubby edges.

Large black bird found inside forest, usually at middle levels. Reminiscent of a crow with a funky hairdo; unlike any other species in its range. Male’s bare red throat sac is usually visible, even when not inflated. Female lacks the throat sac and the puffy umbrella-like crest, but she is still distinctively large and all-black. Rare and local.

Fairly small and drab terrestrial flycatcher of open rocky and stony slopes and valleys, and adjacent agricultural terraces in the Andes; also locally in desert lowlands mainly in winter. Virtual absence of field marks is a field mark: plumage unrelieved by strong contrast or color. Best told from other ground-tyrants by small size, faint dusky breast streaking, relatively short wings, and much stronger song. Also note yellow base of bill that is visible at close range.