Black-throated Sunbird

Tiny, mostly green bumblebee-like hummingbird with a straight bill, glittering magenta throat, white chest band and sides of rump, and short forked tail. Female very different, with buffy underparts, dark brown ears, and unforked rufous tail with a black band. Found in cloud forest, edges, second growth, and gardens, with some seasonal movements. Often hard to see, but sometimes perches at the top of bare branches. In Andes, compare to the similar Gorgeted Woodstar; male Gorgeted has longer purple feathers on the throat, and female lacks green central tail feathers. At lower elevations compare with Amethyst Woodstar, in which the male has a longer tail and female has a whitish throat and black tail tipped with white. Restricted to Colombia and Venezuela.

A fairly large bird of lowland and foothill forest. Small for a hornbill. Bill fairly short with black bands, and with bare skin around the eyes and chin. Male has pale underparts and head with a black cheek, a pale buffy tail with a black tip, and pale blue facial skin. Female is entirely black with a buffy band through the center of the tail and darker blue facial skin. Rufous Hornbill occurs in some of the same areas, but has a red bill. Samar Hornbill’s voice is a short, medium-pitched honk, reminiscent of a squeaky toy, often given in rapid series.

A long-tailed, slim, distinctive warbler of dry country. Gray-brown on the upperparts and whitish below, with white marks on the wing and outer tail. The tail is frequently cocked up and wagged from side to side. Found in dry thorn savanna and thornscrub, usually in pairs. Similar in shape to other prinias, but easily separated by the red forehead. Could be mistaken for some cisticolas, but shows white in the wing, and distinctive tail-wagging behavior. Song consists of long series of a musical or scolding note, sometimes punctuated by short series of a different kind of note; can be similar to Pale Prinia’s song, but generally much more varied.