Brown-capped Tyrannulet

A robust, variably plumaged dark thrush with orange and buff markings and blotchy brown streaks. Juvenile has buff fringes to its feathers. The only medium-sized songbird within its range. Singles and pairs are fairly common endemic residents on islands within the Tristan group in the south Atlantic, but rare on Tristan da Cunha itself due to introduced rats. A generalist predator and scavenger occupying heath, tussock grassland, and shorelines. Gives a short high-pitched chipping “ttslit” and a simple wheezy song.

Small warblerlike tanager. Note orange head, breast, and flanks, gray-brown back, and white belly. Sexes similar. Found in montane woodland, edges, and shrubby areas in the Andes from Colombia to Peru from around 1,800–3,200 m. Usually seen in pairs, which forage in the middle levels, often with mixed-species flocks. Compare with Brown-flanked Tanager in Peru, which has duller brown flanks that contrast with orange head and breast.

An unmistakable, little-known hulking forest rail with a large yellow bill, an all-rufous head and neck, forest-green upperparts, and a blackish belly. Also note the striking pale blaze behind the eye. An extremely shy terrestrial bird with a very limited range in the Talaud Islands. Inhabits forest understory and marshy areas along forest edge. Calls include deep “ump-ump-ump” series and a hurried, high-pitched “peet-peet-peet.”