Black-cowled Saltator

A medium-sized, glossy, marine cormorant that is frequently seen in enormous foraging flocks offshore; also dominates rocky coastal roosting sites. Combination of its rounded crestless head, orange throat pouch, and stunning turquoise eye easily identifies adults. Non-breeding and immature plumages are duller, but size and head shape are characteristic. It is the default marine cormorant within its range and forages in much deeper waters than other cormorants.

Fairly small, stout black-and-white woodpecker with buffy underparts. Male is brightly marked with the namesake crimson nape, and a dull orange vent. Also has a bright red, but inconspicuous patch on the chest. Females are duller, but sometimes have a paler orange neck and breast patch. Similar in coloration to Darjeeling and Great Spotted Woodpeckers, but Crimson-breasted is noticeably smaller and stouter. Inhabits mid- to high-altitude broadleaf forests. Gives a loud “chik!”, as well as a descending rattle.

Tiny and charismatic hermit hummingbird. Note a very contrasting black mask. Dark-olive above and cinnamon below and on the rump. Males have an incomplete black breast band and a shorter tail and wings than females. Common in the lower strata of forests and forest edges where it is fond of Heliconia flowers.