Hainan Leaf Warbler

Large, boldly patterned shorebird of high Andean bogs, wetlands, and lakeshores; also ranges into grassy pastures in the northern part of its range. Usually in pairs or loose flocks, feeding with typical stop-start action of plovers. Little or no range overlap with Southern Lapwing of lowlands and foothills. Note dove-gray head and breast (no crest) and pink bill and legs (duller on immature). In flight shows bold black-and-white pattern on wings and tail. Often noisy, especially when flushed.

A small olive-gray honeyeater with a circular pale yellow cheek patch and a relatively fine bill. Can be confused with Lewin’s Honeyeater and Yellow-spotted Honeyeater, but note the shape of the cheek patch: crescent-shaped on Lewin’s Honeyeater and oval on Yellow-spotted Honeyeater. Adults also have a blue-gray eye while Lewin’s has a bluish eye and Yellow-spotted has a brown eye. Voice is a key ID feature—often a single short note rather than the loud repeated whistle of Yellow-spotted or the rapid staccato machine-gun call of Lewin’s. One of three easily confusable species found in far northern Queensland. Common in many wetter lowland habitats in wetter parts of northern Queensland. Formerly considered conspecific with Graceful Honeyeater, but no overlap in range.

Typical brown buzzard that is endemic to Madagascar. Found throughout the island in many different habitats, though absent from pure grassland. Voice is a series of increasingly strident wails, often given in flight. Distinguished in flight from Madagascar Cuckoo-Hawk by larger size, less paddle-shaped wings, and the pale panels toward the tips of the wings. When perched, look for a paler chest and heavily marked belly, whereas Madagascar Cuckoo-Hawk shows the opposite. Separated from immature Madagascar Harrier-Hawk by dark head and lack of pale fringes on the wing.