Dusky Parrot

Dull-plumaged antbird with a restricted range in the Andean foothills. Males are grayish brown with small white wing spots; females are similar, but are paler tan below. Part of the species complex previously known as “Spot-winged Antbird;” it is similar to the previously conspecific Humaita Antbird, although separated by range and habitat. Brownish-headed Antbird is found in the understory of mature rainforest along the base of the Andes, especially in areas with bamboo, while Humaita Antbird is found away from the foothills in the Amazonian lowlands, mostly in palm swamps. Its song is a descending series of rapid high notes.

A fairly large bird of lowland and foothill secondary forest and edge. As the name suggests, a variably plumaged bird. All have rufous underparts, but one is all rufous with yellow bill, the rest have dark bill and dark wings, some with blackish and others with gray hood. All rufous birds are similar to Rusty Pitohui but lack the white eye. Black headed birds are almost identical to Hooded Pitohui, but Northern Variable is slightly larger and found at lower elevations. The variable song is a medium-pitch, warbled jumble and call, a nasal grating.

Large, big-billed vanga with white underparts. Males have a black hood, and females only a black cap. Madagascar endemic that is found in low-elevation spiny forest. Can be found solo or in pairs, sometimes in flocks with other vangas. Most common vocalizations are quick, sharp whistles and a “chi-che-che” scold. Separated from Van Dam’s and Pollen’s Vangas by range. Separated from Madagascar Cuckooshrike by much larger bill and white rather than gray underparts.