Ihering's Antwren
Myrmotherula iheringi
Small understory antwren. Males are dark gray with an extensive black throat (extending farther down than in Long-winged Antwren); females are tan below, gray above. Both sexes have white wing spots; this is an especially helpful feature in identifying females. Found in areas of tangled understory in mature rainforest; largely restricted to bamboo patches in areas with bamboo. Usually rarer than the similar Long-winged Antwren, and differs in voice; its song is a slow series of punctuated downslurred whistles “pew, pew, pew, pew, . . .” unlike the high wheezy song of Long-winged Antwren.
Identification
Ihering's antwren is 8.5 to 9.5 cm (3.3 to 3.7 in) long and weighs 7.5 to 9 g (0.26 to 0.32 oz). It is a smallish bird with a shortish tail. Adult males of all three subspecies have dark gray upperparts with a hidden white patch between the shoulders. Their wings are dark gray with white-tipped black coverts. Their tail is dark gray. Their lower cheeks, throat, upper breast, and center of their lower breast are black. The rest of their underparts are a paler gray than the upperparts except for a whitish center to the belly. Adult females of the nominate subspecies have blue-gray upperparts. Their throat is whitish and their underparts pale buff. Subadult males resemble adult females with a blotchy black throat. Females of subspecies M. i. heteroptera have an ochraceous tinge to their upperparts and buff tips to their wing coverts. Females of subspecies M. i. oreni have a pale horn forehead, supercilium, and ring around the eye. Their upperparts are pure gray and the wing coverts' spots are white. The sides of their neck, throat, and belly are yellow-ochre.
Taxonomy
Ihering's antwren has three subspecies, the nominate M. i. iheringi (Snethlage, 1914), M. i. heteroptera (Todd, 1927), and M. i. oreni (Miranda, Aleixo, Whitney, Silveira, Guilherme, MPD Santos & MPC Schneider, 2013). Subspecies M. i. oreni was initially described as a full species, and the same authors suggested that M. i. heteroptera also deserved to be treated as a species. At least one other author had earlier suggested that Ihering's antwren as then known included more than one species. <p>The species' English name and specific epithet honor Hermann von Ihering, a German ornithologist who worked mainly in Brazil.
- Scientific name
- Myrmotherula iheringi
- Authority
- Snethlage, E, 1914
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Thamnophilidae
- Genus
- Myrmotherula
Range and habitat
Ihering's antwren is a bird of the western Amazon Basin south of the Amazon. The nominate subspecies is found in south-central Brazil from the drainages of the rios Jiparaná and Roosevelt east to the Rio Tapajós and south into Rondônia. Subspecies M. i. heteroptera is found in southwestern Brazil from the headwaters of the Rio Juruá east to the Rio Madeira. Subspecies M. i. oreni is found in east-central and southeastern Peru, extreme northwestern Bolivia, and far western Brazil's Acre state.<p>Ihering's antwren inhabits the understorey to mid-storey of evergreen forest in the lowlands, of both terra firme and transitional forest types. Subspecies M. i. oreni is very strongly associated with, and possibly restricted to, stands of Guadua bamboo. The other two subspecies favor areas with heavy vine tangles with or without bamboo. In elevation the species occurs below about 400 m (1,300 ft).
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
Migration pattern: Resident species.
Conservation
Population trend: declining.
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
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