Gould's Toucanet
Selenidera gouldii
Beautiful small, multicolored toucan. Males have a black crown and underparts; in females, the black is replaced by chestnut. Note the black and orange patches on the bill. Inhabits lowland humid forest, seasonally flooded forest, gallery forest, and old second growth. Forages from middle levels to the canopy, usually in fruiting trees. Call is a deep and somewhat slow series of “ggrawnk” to “ggrraaw” notes, easily overlooked.
Identification
Gould's toucanet is about 33 cm (13 in) long. Males weigh 138 to 209 g (4.9 to 7.4 oz) and females 131 to 183 g (4.6 to 6.5 oz). Males and females have the same bill pattern but the female's bill is shorter. The bill's maxilla has a narrow white base, a black middle, an orange-yellow outer third, and ivory "teeth" along the tomium. The mandible's inner half is ivory with a thin black area between it and the outer end's orange-yellow. Both sexes have bare green-yellow to blue skin around the eye and a golden-yellow tuft of feathers behind it; both are paler in the female. Adult males have a black head, nape, chin, throat, and belly. Their upperparts are green with a yellow band on the lower neck. Their tail is green with chestnut tips on the central one to three pairs of feathers. Their flanks are yellow and their undertail coverts are red. Females have chestnut where the male has black, yellower flanks, and a narrower yellow band on the back. Immatures are duller overall, usually without a yellow band on the back, and their bill's pattern is not sharp.
Taxonomy
The tawny-tufted toucanet was originally described in the genus Pteroglossus. It has at times been considered conspecific with the spot-billed toucanet (S. maculirostris) and the two are sister species. It is monotypic.<p>The species' common name commemorates the English ornithologist and bird artist John Gould (1804–1881).
- Scientific name
- Selenidera gouldii
- Authority
- (Natterer, 1837)
- Order
- Piciformes
- Family
- Ramphastidae
- Genus
- Selenidera
Range and habitat
Gould's toucanet is found in central and eastern Brazil south of the Amazon River between the Madeira River and the Atlantic ocean in the state of Ceará, and from there south as far as eastern Bolivia and the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. It inhabits a variety of tropical forest types, primarily wet lowland and gallery forest but also palm, deciduous, and secondary forest. It favors tall forest (up to 40 m (130 ft) high) but on sandy soils occurs in areas with shorter trees. In elevation it ranges as high as 800 m (2,600 ft) in eastern Amazonia.
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
As far as is known, Gould's toucanet is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>Gould's toucanet forages from the forest's undergrowth to its canopy, typically in pairs or groups of up to four. Its diet is known to include fruit and some animal matter but details are lacking.<p>Gould's toucanet's breeding season is thought to be between May and September but somewhat shorter in the western part of its range. Its nest, eggs, incubation period, and time to fledging are not known.<p>Gould's toucanet makes a "[s]eries of 'ggrawnk' to 'ggrraaw' notes". Its vocalization has also been described as a "very low, croaking, 'porc-porc-porc- -'."
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Penan Bulbul
Alophoixus ruficrissus
A brownish-olive bulbul with a wispy crest and a puffy, glowingly white throat. Inhabits lowland and montane forests, where it prefers primary or well-aged secondary growth. Forages in the middle and lower levels of the forest, usually in small, noisy flocks. Calls consist primarily of loud, dry “chek” notes; song is pleasant and warbling. Similar to Gray-cheeked Bulbul, but darker, especially on the underparts, with a more conspicuous white throat and a longer crest.
Lesser Bird-of-Paradise
Paradisaea minor
A large bird of lowland and foothill forest and edge. Both sexes have yellow back and yellow eye. Male has a chestnut breast and white and yellow plumes which he raises above his back during his display, in which he flaps his chestnut wings. The male is distinguished from Greater by his yellow back and Emperor by his brown chest. Females distinguished from other species by their white underparts and black hood. Male gives a typical, repeated, nasal squawk.
White-throated Foliage-gleaner
Syndactyla roraimae
Small, rufous-brown bird of tepui highlands. Key mark is striking white throat contrasting sharply with unmarked brown underparts. Also note rufous tail and thin white line extending rearward from eye. Found only at higher elevations (above 1000 m) in humid forests of tepui region, where it is not particularly common and is usually seen with mixed-species flocks. Creeps over mossy branches, probes into epiphytes, and investigates dead leaves for insect prey. Distinctive vocalizations have a toneless, dry quality and are quite unlike any other species in range; call is a single hard note, sometimes doubled, whereas song is an accelerating dry rattle. At first glance could be mistaken for Roraiman Barbtail, which also has bright white throat; however, White-throated Foliage-gleaner is much larger and plainer.
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