Rufous-naped Bellbird

Nondescript leaf warbler with two whitish wing bars (often only one visible), dull to bright greenish upperparts, a yellow wash usually restricted to the face, and a pale orange lower bill. Breeds in forest in the Caucasus mountains. Winters primarily in southern India, where it largely overlaps with the similar-looking Greenish Warbler. Although separable from Greenish Warbler by its greener upperparts, yellow on face, and the second wingbar (when present), Green is best identified by its loud, fast, trisyllabic “chi-su-wi” call.

A distinctive, heavy-billed black-and-white flycatcher-like songbird from the Kai Islands. Adult entirely black except for white lower chest and belly and white outer tail feathers. Juvenile gray-brown above and buffy below. Singles and pairs inhabit mangrove, forest, forest edge, and woodland in lowlands and low hills. Joins mixed-species flocks. Unmistakable in its limited range. Song is a single disyllabic whistle, “see-ooo,” descending in the latter half. Calls include a rasping, scolding “grrr-grrr-grrr…” and a weak, wavering chatter.

Handsome male is gray above with a bright red throat, black chest, and white belly. Also note white eyebrows and “moustache” stripe, as well as white panels and edges on a black tail. Female is duller, cold gray-brown above with a white belly and throat. Extremely similar to Himalayan Rubythroat: note gray flecking on white flanks of male and white “moustache” (striking in males, pale and sometimes unnoticeable in females). Breeds in alpine and subalpine open areas with scattered scrub and boulders; preferred habitat averages higher and more open than Himalayan. Winters in lowland scrub. Song is a series of loud rich warbles, which average shorter and less varied than those of Himalayan Rubythroat.