Mauritius Bulbul

Hypsipetes olivaceus

A medium-sized dark gray bird with a black cap and a carrot-colored bill, endemic to the island of Mauritius. Found in remnant humid forest as well as secondary forest and some forest dominated by exotic trees; now mostly confined to middle and high elevations. Often in small, noisy groups. Somewhat similar to male Mauritius Cuckooshrike, but easily separated by the orange bill and many other details. The song is an unmusical but varied series of rattling, metallic, and scraping notes, often given from a high perch. The calls include a “chek” note and a long mew. 

Identification

The Mauritius bulbul can reach a size up to 24 cm (9.4 in). It is characterized by bright yellow-brown eyes, pink legs, and an orange to yellow-hued bill. Its plumage is generally greyish contrasted with a black crest. The plumage of the juveniles is pale brown. Their bill is blackish.

Taxonomy

The Mauritius bulbul was the type species of the obsolete genus Ixocincla, which united various more or less closely related bulbuls from the entire Indian Ocean region. Formerly, some authorities considered the Mauritius bulbul to belong to the genus Turdus. It has also been classified as a subspecies of the Réunion bulbul. Alternative names include the Mauritius black bulbul and the Mauritius merle.

Scientific name
Hypsipetes olivaceus
Authority
Jardine & Selby, 1837
Order
Passeriformes
Family
Pycnonotidae
Genus
Hypsipetes

Range and habitat

Migration
Resident species

Behavior

During the southern summer, the female lays two pinkish coloured eggs in a nest made from straw and roots. The incubation lasts between 14 and 16 days.<p>The diet of the Mauritius bulbul consists of insects, seeds, and fruits. The ripe berries of the non-native Spanish Flag are especially favoured.<p>In earlier times, it was often served as a dish on festive days. Later, its main threats shifted to the replacement of their forest habitat by tea plantations and invasive weeds (including L. camara, which the birds themselves help to spread) and predation by the introduced crab-eating macaque. In the mid-1970s, only 200 pairs remained, but then the decline was stopped. Today it is rare but has a quite stable population; 280 pairs were counted in 1993.

Conservation

Population trend
stable

Photos

Distribution

Other Birds

Long-legged Pipit

Long-legged Pipit

Anthus pallidiventris

A tall, relatively long-billed, stilt-legged pipit with a noticeable moustache stripe and limited streaking on the chest. Olive-gray overall with a plain back. Found in bare and open areas in west-central Africa; the only pipit likely to be encountered in the lowlands in its range in the summer months. May occur with other pipits, especially in winter, but note the very long legs, the limited streaking on the chest, and the plain back. Song is a variable sequence of musical notes and calls, and birds will also give a “chuwee!”

Southern Tropical Pewee

Southern Tropical Pewee

Contopus cinereus

Small, gray flycatcher lacking strong markings. Note its peaked crown and yellow lower half off bill. Some birds may show faint wingbars and a slight yellowish cast to the belly. Little overlap with other pewees; in the Andes it might be found together with Eastern Wood-Pewee or Western Wood-Pewee during the northern winter. Southern Tropical Pewee has shorter wings, a longer tail, and may show a faint spot between the bill and eye. Voice is the most reliable way to separate them. Listen for an explosive “CHIpeer” as well as a series of sharp chip notes. Typically encountered at forest edge or in clearings. Often perches on an exposed branch, from which it flies out to chase insects in looping, acrobatic sallies.

Spectacled Prickletail

Spectacled Prickletail

Siptornis striaticollis

Small, brown bird of Andean cloud forest. Quite rare and apparently absent from many areas of seemingly appropriate forest. It has faint, pale streaking on the breast, a partial eye-ring, and a short white stripe behind the eye. Similar to Streaked Xenops, but bill is not upturned and lacks “whisker” stripes. Creeps along branches in middle levels of the forest, and often follows mixed-species flocks. Song is a quick series of high-pitched “tick” notes.

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