Costa Rican Pygmy-Owl

A medium-sized creeping bird of montane forest. Mainly a dull, gray-brown color with pale flecks on the flanks, a paler throat. Female has a rufous moustache stripe. The only treecreeper on New Guinea. Climbs up a trunk, then flies down to the base of another trunk. Sometimes followed by a fantail. The only other similar colored birds with this behaviour are the sittellas, which are distinctively smaller and most have a streaked back. Call, a level series of piping notes which increase in volume.

A rare large woodpecker of forest and edge, where at least some large trees remain, on Palawan and neighboring islands. Green on the back and wings, with dark underparts and neck heavily marked with a cream color. Crown slopes to an angular crest above a large black ear spot. Head is bright red in males and red with orange spots on the crown in females. Similar to Spot-throated Flameback, but Red-headed has a pale yellow bill and lacks the black-and-white stripes on the head. Voice includes a loud, metallic, stuttering staccato trill and loud nasal squeaking.

Large, dark, eared owl with golden eyes. Favors pine and pine-oak forest, mainly in highlands. Roosts at middle to upper levels, at times on fairly open branches. Hunts in open forest and at edges. Note the whitish forehead blaze and streaked underparts. Slightly smaller and less bulky than Great Horned Owl, which has barred underparts. Call is a very deep single hoot, repeated at intervals.