Lesser Prairie-Chicken
Tympanuchus pallidicinctus
Plump chickenlike bird found in grasslands. Body and wings entirely barred brown with paler buffy throat. In spring, males gather at display site and perform dance to attract females: look for them hunched over with ear-like feathers protruding from atop head and darker reddish-orange skin exposed on the neck. Inconspicuous and difficult to find away from display sites. Very similar to Greater Prairie-Chicken but no range overlap. Averages slightly paler and smaller than Greater.
Identification
It is a medium to large bird, striped white and brown, slightly smaller and paler than its near relative the greater prairie-chicken (T. cupido). Adults range from 15.0 to 16.1 inches (38 to 41 cm) in length and 22.1 to 28.7 ounces (630 to 810 g) in weight.
Taxonomy
- Scientific name
- Tympanuchus pallidicinctus
- Authority
- (Ridgway, 1873)
- Order
- Galliformes
- Family
- Phasianidae
- Genus
- Tympanuchus
Range and habitat
About half of its current population lives in western Kansas, with the other half in the sandhills and prairies of western Oklahoma, the Texas Panhandle including the Llano Estacado, eastern New Mexico, and southeastern Colorado.
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
Like its larger relative, it is known for its lekking behavior.
Conservation
Considered "vulnerable" by the IUCN due to its restricted and patchy range, it is vulnerable to habitat destruction. The lesser prairie-chicken's habitat has been reduced by 85%, and their population has declined by as much as 99% in some ecoregions as a result. Of the remaining patches of suitable habitat, only around 0.1% are sufficiently contiguous to sustain even a minimum population of the birds.[citation needed] There is evidence suggesting that global warming may have a particularly detrimental influence by greatly reducing the size of the sagebrush ecosystem. Subfossil remains are known, e.g., from Rocky Arroyo in the Guadalupe Mountains, outside the species' current range but where more habitat existed in the less humid conditions in the outgoing last ice age. Range contraction apparently took place no later than about 8000 BC.[citation needed]<p>On March 27, 2014, the lesser prairie-chicken was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act but the listing was vacated in 2015 following a legal challenge. On June 1, 2021, the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) proposed splitting the species into two segments. The northern one, covering Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, and a portion of Texas, would be listed as threatened, and the southern one, covering New Mexico and a portion of Texas, as endangered. On November 17, 2022, the USFWS published a final rule listing the Southern Distinct Population Segment (DPS) of the lesser prairie-chicken as endangered and the Northern DPS as threatened. Implementation of the rule was delayed, and it took effect on March 27, 2023.<p>In 2015, Senator Jerry Moran (R-Kan) introduced an amendment to legislation authorizing construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline that would overturn the listing. He disputed the listing as, "... another example of unnecessary intrusion into private lives and businesses by the federal government." His action was supported by the American Energy Alliance and opposed by the League of Conservation Voters.<p>When the Senate voted on the Keystone bill, it did not get the 60 votes in favor that was required to pass. It got only 53 Republican and one Democratic Senator to vote in favor.<p>The United States Department of the Interior proposed creating a lesser prairie-chicken preserve as a national monument, but action was never taken action on the proposal.<p>In May 2023, the U.S. Senate voted to strip the lesser prairie-chicken of its new listing using its authority under the Congressional Review Act. President Joe Biden's administration threatened to veto the bill if the House of Representatives passed it, which the House did on July 27. The bill was passed by the Senate, but vetoed by Biden on September 27, 2023.
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Gray Wren-Warbler
Calamonastes simplex
A very dark, long-tailed warbler of dry country. Blackish-gray overall with a reddish eye and white tips to the tail. With a good look, barring on the throat, belly, and vent may be visible. The tail is frequently cocked up. Generally common in dry thorn savanna and thornscrub. Usually stays in the understory, but will sing from the tops of bushes and small trees. Similar in shape to Miombo Wren-Warbler, but much darker, with virtually no overlap in range. The main vocalization is a loud “chup,” repeated about once per second.
Green Indigobird
Vidua codringtoni
Nest parasite that lays its eggs in the nests of Peters’s Twinspot. Breeding males are glossy greenish-black, and in good light may show a paler gray wash across the head and breast. Females and non-breeding males are streaky and brown on the back, with a bold facial pattern and pale underparts with gray across the breast. The bill is whitish and the legs pale red. Found along forest edge, and in cultivation and moist woodland. The song is a fast mix of scolding and squeaky notes, often mixed with imitations of the vocalizations of its host twinspot: a fast, silvery trill. Similar to other indigobirds, but breeding male separated by its greenish gloss and all-black wings. Non-breeding male and female can be tentatively identified by the gray wash across the breast.
Rodrigues Warbler
Acrocephalus rodericanus
A medium-sized yellowish-olive bird with a long tail that is often flipped up and down. Endemic to the remote island of Rodrigues. Found in secondary forest, scrub, and plantations. Feeds both in the undergrowth and up into the canopy. The cheerful song is a quick series of several musical warbling notes in an up-and-down pattern. The calls include “chek” notes and rattling scolds. There are no other warblers or otherwise similar species on Rodrigues, so identification is simple.
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