Brown Tit-Babbler

This remarkable flycatcher occurs in both rufous and white morphs, but it always has grayish underparts and a strong crest. The breeding male has ludicrous central tail feathers, twenty centimeters long, that trail like the ribbon of a rhythmic gymnast, while the female lacks the tail streamers and has a smaller crest. Singles and pairs occasionally join flocks in open woodland, riverine forest, and thickets, avoiding lowland evergreen forest. Very vocal, often giving a repeated grating “dzee-zwee” call and a sweet melodic “willie-willie-willie-wee-wooo” song. The very similar Rufous-vented Paradise-Flycatcher differs from African Paradise-Flycatcher by having a rufous undertail and a shorter crest.

Extremely similar to widespread Rufous Hummingbird; identical in plumage except for males' solid green back (which can be shown by Rufous too). Breeds only along a narrow strip of coastal California and southern Oregon. On females and immature males, the only way to separate them from Rufous is by the shape of the tail feathers, which is extremely difficult to determine without good photographs.

An unusual, beautiful twinspot with a gray hood, a red rump, and a rufous breast and belly covered in white “twin spots.” Males have a red central throat stripe and females a white one. Found in areas with thick undergrowth, including lush savanna, overgrown cultivated areas, and forest edge. Often in pairs or small groups. Most similar to Dybowski's Twinspot, but separated by many details, including the brown back and the rufous underparts with twin spots extending onto the breast. The call is a harsh “veet” and the song is a variable, high-pitched twittering.