Recurve-billed Bushbird
Clytoctantes alixii
Unique, medium-sized antbird with a spectacular heavy and markedly upturned bill. Male is slate gray with a black throat, breast, and tail, and black dotted wings. Female is chestnut with a darker tail and buffy spotted wings. Rare, local, and hard to see, typically skulking in the dark understory of second growth and mature forest in foothills, often in areas with dense bamboo. Best found by voice; song a series of short notes accelerating “deeu-deee-dee-dee-eet-et.”
Identification
The recurve-billed bushbird is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long. It is rather stocky with a short tail. Its large bill is pale horn; it is laterally compressed and the mandible is upturned. The sexes have different plumage. Adult males are generally dark gray, with a white patch between their shoulders. Their lores, throat, and the center of their upper breast are black. Their wing coverts have small black spots and their flight feathers are brownish black. Adult females have a dark rufous-brown crown, back, and rump. Their wings and tail are blackish with pale rufous tips on the wing coverts. Their underparts are reddish brown that is darker on their flanks and undertail coverts. Subadult males are dark yellowish and blackish brown; their forehead, sides of the head, and throat are reddish yellow-brown and their wing coverts have white dots.
Taxonomy
The recurve-billed bushbird is monotypic. It shares genus Clytoctantes with the Rondonia bushbird (C. atrogularis).
- Scientific name
- Clytoctantes alixii
- Authority
- Elliot, DG, 1870
- Order
- Passeriformes
- Family
- Thamnophilidae
- Genus
- Clytoctantes
Range and habitat
The recurve-billed bushbird is known from a few sites in Venezuela's Sierra de Perijá and in the Colombian departments of Antioquia, Norte de Santander, and Santander. It was formerly much more widespread. The species inhabits dense undergrowth in the understory and edges of evergreen forest, clearings in the forest that are regenerating, and nearby secondary forest. In one Colombian area it is associated with bamboo. In elevation it ranges between 300 and 1,200 m (1,000 and 3,900 ft) in Venezuela. In Colombia it is mostly found between 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft) but occurs as high as 1,150 m (3,800 ft).
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
The recurve-billed bushbird is thought to be a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The recurve-billed bushbird apparently feeds mostly on insects. It has been observed seeking prey by pecking open and pulling strips from stems, and at least once has been seen attending an army ant swarm. It has not been observed as part of a mixed-species feeding flock.<p>The recurve-billed bushbird has been reported to breed in April and May in the western part of its range but breeding may start as early as January. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The recurve-billed bushbird's vocalization is a "loud, mid-range whistling peeeuw peeeuw peeuw-pweet-pweet-pweet.
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Variable Hawk
Geranoaetus polyosoma
Common raptor in open spaces in the high Andes and southern South America. Large, relatively broad-winged, and short-tailed raptor. As the name suggests, plumage is quite variable. Adults range from clean white to dark gray and rufous below with a gray or rufous back. Always look for the white tail with a black band near the tip. Juveniles are more confusing, usually dark brown above and buffy below with a variable amount of dark streaking below. Juveniles can also be all dark brown (but this morph is rare). Compare with Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle, which is larger and broader-winged, with young birds usually darker than most Variable Hawks. Occurs from sea level up to over 4,500 m in the Andes, typically in open agricultural land, desert, or paramo, but also ranging over wooded areas.
Brown-throated Wattle-eye
Platysteira cyanea
Small black-and-white bird with a bright red patch of bare skin above the eye. Males have a black breast band, and females a brown throat. Found in thick woodland, gallery forest, and mangroves. The song is usually given as a duet: a descending series of melancholy whistles from the male, and lower rasping notes from the female. Similar to Black-throated Wattle-eye, but shows a white slash on the wing, and the female has a brown rather than white throat. Separated from batises by the red wattle and, in females, by the brown throat.
Canary Islands Chaffinch
Fringilla canariensis
Dapper little finch endemic to the Canarias, where it inhabits a range of habitats, from forests to farmlands. Handsome, brightly colored male has a blue-grayish cowl, pale orangish face and breast, and a black-and-white wing pattern (colors muted in winter). Female much drabber but shares male pattern; especially note the complex wing pattern. Both sexes have white outer tail feathers, often striking in flight such as when flushed. Song is a somewhat buzzy series of up-and-down notes; calls include a somewhat sparrow-like “dwee!”
Start Your Bird Watching Journey
Identify a bird outdoors and keep the field guide close for your next observation.