Palau Ground Dove

Pampusana canifrons

A rotund, short-legged ground-dwelling dove that usually runs rather than flies when startled. Mostly brown with a pale whitish-gray chest and face. With good views, the pale cinnamon neck and head are distinctive. No similar species occur in its range. Gives a typical dove-like “whoo whoo” call that accelerates over around 15 notes.

Identification

This dove is about 21 cm (8.3 in) long. The forehead and lores are ashy grey, and the crown is dark slaty. The nape and upper mantle are chestnut. The lower mantle is olive and has bronze reflections. The flight feathers are dark brown and rufous, and there is a purple patch on the wing coverts. The throat is pearly grey, and the breast is ashy grey. The abdomen is blackish brown. The upper tail has green and blackish feathers, and the under tail is blackish. The eyes are dark brown, the beak is blackish, and the legs are red. The juvenile bird has a duller forehead and throat, and it does not have the purple patch on the wing coverts.

Taxonomy

Hartlaub and Finsch described this species as Phlegoenas canifrons from Palau in 1872. The species is monotypic. Formerly placed in the genus Gallicolumba, it was moved to Alopecoenas. The name of the genus was changed in 2019 to Pampusana Bonaparte, 1855 as this name has priority.

Scientific name
Pampusana canifrons
Authority
(Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872)
Order
Columbiformes
Family
Columbidae
Genus
Pampusana

Range and habitat

The Palau ground dove is endemic to Palau. It is one of two species of terrestrial pigeons in Palau, the other being the larger Nicobar pigeon. It lives in dense forest and woodlands, preferring limestone islands to volcanic islands.

Migration
Resident species

Behavior

This is a solitary species, foraging for seeds and fruits in leaf litter on the ground. It calls from the same place in the mornings and evenings, cooing monotonously for up to two minutes. It also gives a moaning call. Its breeding habits are unknown.

Conservation

Population trend
declining

Photos

Distribution

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