Pacific Koel
Eudynamys orientalis
Large cuckoo known for its loud distinctive calls. Bright red eye. Males entirely black. Females barred with varying patterns, a black crown and a strong moustache. Occurs in a variety of habitats, fairly common in suburban areas. Strong migrant, spending the middle of the year in eastern Indonesia, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and migrating south into eastern Australia during the austral summer. Calls are very loud, often heard at night or pre-dawn, including a piercing ‘coo-eee’, and a longer ‘wirra-wirra-wirra’ (similar to a car alarm).
Identification
The Pacific Koel can be identified by its black plumage, often tinted with blue and green, and red eyes. The species is sexually dimorphic: the female has brown plumage along the back with white spots and the underbelly is often cream coloured with fine black stripes. Young birds resemble the female but have dark eyes.
Taxonomy
The Pacific koel was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1766 in the twelfth edition of his Systema Naturae. He placed it with the cuckoos in the genus Cuculus and coined the binomial name Cuculus orientalis. Linnaeus based his account on the "Le Coucou noir des Indes" that had been described and illustrated in 1760 by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in his multi-volume work Ornithologie. The type locality is Ambon Island, one of the Maluku Islands of Indonesia. The Pacific koel is now placed in the genus Eudynamys that was introduced in 1827 by the naturalists Nicholas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Asian koel (Eudynamys scolopaceus) and the black-billed koel (Eudynamys melanorhynchus).<p>Eight subspecies are recognised:
- Scientific name
- Eudynamys orientalis
- Authority
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Order
- Cuculiformes
- Family
- Cuculidae
- Genus
- Eudynamys
Range and habitat
It is found in forest, woodland, plantations and gardens from Wallacea east to the Solomon Islands and south to northern and eastern Australia. The Pacific koel has not been rated by IUCN, but the Australian Koel (here included in the Pacific koel) is considered to be of Least Concern.
- Migration
- Complete migrants
Behavior
The Pacific koel is a brood parasite. In Australia, their hosts are mainly large honeyeaters (especially noisy friarbirds and red wattlebirds). Unlike in other parasitic cuckoos, the young do not attempt to kill the host chicks. This trait is shared with the channel-billed cuckoo, which – as in the Pacific koel – are largely frugivorous as adults. A study of vocalization noted that the duetting behaviour may indicate the possibility of short-term pair-bonding in its otherwise polygynous mating system. <p>In Australia, the presence of the species is regarded as a sign of the arrival of spring and the rainy season. It is also viewed as a nuisance due to the males' incessant calling throughout the day and night. The calls indicate the start of breeding season and males would call repeatedly to mark their territory or communicate their availability to other females.
Conservation
- Population trend
- stable
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Chestnut-winged Cinclodes
Cinclodes albidiventris
This species occurs from western Venezuela to extreme northern Peru. It is fairly common in high elevation grasslands or open shrubby areas with patches of bare ground. Look for a medium-sized, chunky brown bird with a bold whitish eyebrow and throat. In flight, shows an obvious buffy wing stripe. Singles or pairs forage in the open and are often quite approachable. Compare with Stout-billed Cinclodes, which as you may have deduced from the name has a notably stouter (and more curved) bill. Chestnut-winged was formerly a member of the Bar-winged Cinclodes complex, which has since been split into three species.
Hutton's Vireo
Vireo huttoni
Drab olive overall with white eyering, bold wingbars, and thick bill. Found in forested areas with a mix of oak and conifers, usually foraging in the middle levels. Often in mixed flocks with other small songbirds. Resident along the Pacific coast from British Columbia to northern Baja and in interior mountains from Arizona and Texas to Guatemala. Remarkably similar to Ruby-crowned Kinglet, but thicker-billed and more sluggish; also note bluish legs. Also compare with Dwarf Vireo in Mexico. Listen for distinctive repetitive song of clear or buzzy notes.
Rusty-bellied Brushfinch
Atlapetes nationi
Distinctive brushfinch found at high elevations in the western Andes of Peru. The only brushfinch in Peru with a tawny belly and black head. Also note the tiny black mustache and the white throat. Some birds have white speckling on their heads. Inhabits dry slopes with bushes and scattered taller trees. Vocalizations include a rich, descending chatter and an irregular series of chips.
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