Wire-crested Thorntail
Discosura popelairii
Small, compact hummingbird found on the east slope of Andes from central Colombia to central Peru. Male is unmistakable; look for long pointed tail, wirelike crest, short straight bill, and white band across the rump. Female is less spectacular, but still has the obvious white rump band and a white mustache patch. Occurs in the foothills from around 600 to 1,600 m, generally at higher elevations than the very similar Black-bellied Thorntail. Visits feeders, but also can be seen at flowering shrubs (especially purple Verbena) and trees.
Identification
The wire-crested thorntail is one of the smallest birds on Earth, with a mature weight of about 2.5 g (0.088 oz). Males are about 11.4 cm (4.5 in) long, including tail extension, and females about 7.5 to 8.2 cm (3.0 to 3.2 in). Adults of both sexes have coppery green upperparts with a white band across the rump. Males have a glittering green crown with a thin hair-like crest. Its gorget is iridescent green, the flanks brownish with a white patch, and the rest of the underparts black. The tail is steely blue with white feather shafts, deeply forked, and the outer feathers are very narrow which with the crest give the species its common name. The female does not have the crest. It has a broad white streak on the cheek. Its underparts are black with a white patch on the flank. Its tail is short, only slightly forked, and bluish black with white tips. Juveniles are similar to the adult female.
Taxonomy
The wire-crested thorntail and three other species were at one time placed in genus Popelairia but since the late 1900s that genus has been merged into the present Discosura. Some authors have further merged Discosura into Lophornis but this treatment has not been widely accepted. The species is monotypic.
- Scientific name
- Discosura popelairii
- Authority
- (Du Bus de Gisignies, 1846)
- Order
- Apodiformes
- Family
- Trochilidae
- Genus
- Discosura
Range and habitat
The wire-crested thorntail is found in the Andean foothills from eastern Colombia's Meta Department through eastern Ecuador into eastern Peru as far south as the Department of Puno. In addition, there is at least one sight record in Bolivia. It inhabits the edges and interior of humid forest at elevations between 500 and 1,500 m (1,600 and 4,900 ft).
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
The wire-crested thorntail is believed to be sedentary.<p>The wire-crested thorntail feeds on nectar, primarily in the forest canopy, and favoring the flowers of Inga trees. It also eats small arthropods.<p>Almost nothing is known about the wire-crested thorntail's breeding phenology. The one nest discovered was on a branch 8 m (26 ft) above the ground.<p>The only wire-crested thorntail vocalization that has been described is a "quiet, somewhat liquid 'tew'."
Conservation
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
Bird Calls
Other Birds
Black-faced Solitaire
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Sleek medium-sized thrush with a beautiful voice. Listen for its fluty, ethereal phrases drifting over montane forests. Sexes alike: entirely gray with black face, black wings, and orangey bill and legs. Juveniles confusingly browner and spotted, but note similar shape, small bill, and dark face. Unobtrusive and not very active; most often seen while feeding at a fruiting tree.
Northern Schiffornis
Schiffornis veraepacis
Elusive, chunky brown bird of shady forest understory in humid tropical lowlands. Heard far more often than seen. Haunting, slurred whistle carries well and is easily imitated. Song given irregularly; not steadily repeated. Note the chunky build, drab dark olive-brown plumage with paler eyering accentuating big eye, and rather slender black bill. Tends to perch quietly and upright, then slips off like a ghost and not seen again.
Red-crowned Amazon
Amazona viridigenalis
Fairly large, bright green parrot endemic to humid tropical lowlands and foothills in northeast Mexico. Uncommon. Found in forests, edges, semiopen areas with scattered tall trees, and forest patches. Most often seen flying over early and late in the day, often fairly high and usually in pairs or loose groups made up of pairs. Best field mark is the pale, ivory-yellow bill that contrasts with the red forecrown. Like other similar parrots, in flight shows a red patch on the back of the wing. Introduced to California, Puerto Rico, Florida, and Hawaii.
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