Northern Cassowary
Casuarius unappendiculatus
An enormous flightless bird of lowland rainforest. Shaggy black plumage, blue head and bright red or yellow around the base of the neck. Large casque flattened at the back and a single wattle from the throat. A very shy and little-known species which, like other cassowaries, forages on the forest floor, mainly for fallen fruit. Similar to Southern Cassowary but Northern has single rather than double wattle, different-shaped casque and usually red or yellow all the way around the base of the throat.
Identification
The northern cassowary has a hard and stiff black plumage, blue facial skin and a casque on top of the head. It has a bright red or yellow coloured neck and wattle. The feet are huge and strong with long, dagger-like claw on its inner toe. The sexes are similar in appearance. The male, at 30 to 37 kg (66 to 82 lb), is smaller than the female, at an average of 58 kg (128 lb), making it the fourth heaviest living bird species after the common ostrich, Somali ostrich and the southern cassowary. These birds measure .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}149 cm (4 ft 10+1⁄2 in) long and stand 1.5–1.8 m (4 ft 11 in – 5 ft 11 in) in height. Compared to the southern cassowary, the northern cassowary has a slightly shorter bill, at 12 to 13.7 cm (4.7 to 5.4 in), but a slightly longer tarsal length, at 28 to 33.2 cm (11.0 to 13.1 in).
Taxonomy
Edward Blyth first identified the northern cassowary from a specimen from an aviary located in Calcutta, India, in 1860. It is the most recently discovered of all the cassowary species. The genus name Casuarius is derived from the Malay word kesuari "cassowary", while the species name unappendiculatus refers to the species' single wattle. Officially, there are no subspecies, though some authors list several subspecies.
- Scientific name
- Casuarius unappendiculatus
- Authority
- Blyth, 1860
- Order
- Casuariiformes
- Family
- Casuariidae
- Genus
- Casuarius
Range and habitat
The northern cassowary is distributed and endemic to coastal swamp and lowland rainforests of northern New Guinea and the islands of Yapen, Batanta and Salawati. They prefer elevations below 490 m (1,610 ft).
- Migration
- Resident species
Behavior
Migration pattern: Resident species.
Conservation
Population trend: declining.
- Population trend
- declining
Photos
Distribution
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