Red-winged Wood-Rail

Medium-sized sunbird of foothill forest and forest edge on Java; uncommon to rare in upper montane and lowland habitats. Forages actively in pairs, mixed flocks, or singly. Both sexes are very similar to Crimson Sunbird, but note Javan's bright white belly and sides. Female Javans can also be confused with White-flanked and the Leptocoma sunbirds, but have more white on the sides and belly than those species. Song is a very flat and insect-like series of dry “chit” notes; also gives a sparrow-like “chiweet.”

A short-tailed understory robin with a bright yellow-orange throat. Also shows a dark-green back, buff belly, and a white spot in front of the eye. Most often encountered by its song: a duet, in which the male gives high-pitched whistles and the female makes an accompanying chatter. Similar to Orange-breasted Forest Robin (potentially very limited overlap in range), but underparts more extensively yellowish-orange. Otherwise most likely to be confused with Lowland Akalat, but can always be distinguished by the white spot in front of the eye, as well as the dark-green rather than rufous-brown back, and the buff rather than white belly.

Well-attired small songbird typically associated with mid- to high-elevation farms, fields, and open forests throughout its range. Found in less intensively developed areas than House and Eurasian Tree Sparrows, sticking to villages and pastures and staying away from large city centers. Male has bright chestnut cap and back, whitish cheek, narrow black throat, and pale gray belly. Female brownish with broad streaks above, pale below, with white wingbars and broad tan supercilium.