White-naped Jay

A slender, plain sooty-gray apalis with red eyes and a buffy-brown forehead and throat. Juvenile is paler than the adult, with a dingy cream belly. Resident, inhabiting canopy and middle levels of both primary and patchy degraded forest between 700 and 2000 meters in mountains and hilly areas in the Bamenda Highlands and Adamawa Plateau of Cameroon, where no similar apalises occur. Vocalizations include a monotonous “dleep-dleep-dleep” and a whip-like 3-noted “tee-twi-dip, tee-twi-dip, tee-twi-dip.”

Small tanager with striking sexual dimorphism: male entirely black with bold white shoulder patch; female olive above and yellow below with gray head. Male most similar to White-lined Tanager but smaller with much more obvious white shoulder. Female confusing, could be mistaken for several other species of tanagers; always note small size and fairly thick bill. Typically found in pairs or small groups, usually with mixed feeding flocks, in forested habitats in lowlands and foothills.

A handsome long-tailed inhabitant of the Western Ghats. Black face and white underparts set this species apart from Rufous Treepie. White-bellied is typically found well away from human habitation in humid hill forests, where it inhabits both primary and secondary patches. Forages at upper and middle levels of forest, often with other species, particularly Greater Racket-tailed Drongos. Noisy, giving hooting, chattering, and grating calls.